하곡 정제두의 인성론과 교육론에 대한 일고찰

Abstract

This research aimed at investigating Hagok Jeong, Je-du’s human nature, his educational philosophy and educational methodology based on this. For Jeong, Je-du, human nature is goodness, basis, and bright virtue of our heart. Under this premise, this research suggested the characteristic of his theory of human nature as follows. First, Jeong, Je-du described human nature as the basis of our heart, which is actually sensed. Second, human nature is the four virtues[四德], from this human nature, right principle comes. Third, human nature is not the concept directly connected with serenity, in the division of movement[動] and serenity[靜]. In brief, in his idea, human nature is the moral status, that is, a sense of morality which is not interrupted by selfish interests. In respect of Jeong, Je-du’s theory of education which reflected belief in human sense of morality, this research investigated by dividing into educational philosophy and educational methodology. The characteristics which can be suggested by being related to educational philosophy are as follows. First, the point which Jeong, Je-du the most highly regarded in the process of study was to establish basis. Second, he focused on the internal mind state of the agent, that is, the motive. Third, he emphasized receptive and open-minded attitude along with thorough criticism. In short, Jeong, Je-du’s educational philosophy can be determined to be wishful and optimistic character which emphasized activity and independence. Also, this research stated two characteristics, after suggesting Jeong, Je-du’s educational methodology as combination of convergence․divergence of mind. First, Jeong, Je-du highly regarded achievement of virtue, however, he thought that the process of education could be graded according to situation, content, and the learners’ capability. Second, Jeong, Je-du highly regarded the learners’ composure of mental capability.