唐君毅의 주자학 해석에 대한 윤리적 특징 검토

Abstract

This article examines the understanding of the Zhuxi’s Philosophy of TANG Junyi(唐君毅), which led to the development and deployment of modern Chinese philosophy, along with Mou Zongsan(牟宗三) in Taiwan. TANG Junyi, in general, positively understood and interpreted the problem of Zhuxi’s Philosophy, revealed his own original opinion in the Liqi theory, the theory of human mind/nature and the theory of self-cultivation. Liqi theory’s point of view is that Li(理) grasped it as the ‘the Natural Principle That All Living Things Are Generated and Spread’(生生之理) that produces and produces all things, Li explains the Li of activity which is contrary to the existing position that Li itself is inactive and inexhaustible. Then, in the theory of human mind / nature, TANG Junyi distinguishes the mind into three dimensions: the merely Moral Mind(道心), the Human Mind(人心) that combine good / evil(善惡) and the evil Human Desire(人欲), and explains the subjective state of mind. The theory of self-cultivation presented through the position of the Liqi theory and the theory of human mind/nature is also based on the fundamental study of the Respectfulness and Cultivation(主敬涵養) that nurture the moral competence of the Human Nature(性理) inherent in the mind, it is necessary to study the inner Human Nature through the external ‘Investigating Things and Exhausting Principles(格物窮理)’ and to study the inner/outer unity. Finally, the reflection(省察) studying the merits and demerits of the mind of the ‘Status after Emotion of joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure(喜怒哀樂) is Expressed’(已發時), that is, the Devotion(誠意) study should proceed. Thus, the ethical characteristics of the Zhuxi’s Philosophy understood by TANG Junyi can provide clues to solve the problems raised in the Zhuxi’s Philosophy.