캉가루식 돌보기가 미숙아의 지능·운동발달 및 어머니 역할수행 자신감에 미치는 효과
Effect of Kangaroo Care on Mental and Motor Development in Premature Infant and Maternal Role Confidence
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본 연구는 캉가루식 돌보기 프로그램을 신생아 집중치료실에서부터 조기에 시작하여 교정연령 4개월까지시행하였을 때 미숙아들의 지능 및 운동발달과 어머니의 역할수행 자신감에 미치는 효과를 검증함으로써 신생아 중환자실 간호현장에서 미숙아 간호중재로 활용될수있는근거를제시하고자 시도하였다. E 대학병원의신생아 중환자실에 입원한 재태연령26주 이상~35주미만, 출생체중 700 g 이상~1,800 g 이하의 미숙아14명을실험군, 대조군각각7명으로배정한비동등성대조군 유사 실험연구로 시행하였다. 사전조사로는 캉가루식돌보기를시행하기전과시행3주후각각어머니의역할수행자신감을측정하였고, 교정연령4개월에사후조사II에서미숙아발달지표인지능발달과운동발달을 Bayley Scale of Infant Development (II)를이용하여 MDI와 PDI를평가하였다. 캉가루식 돌보기프로그램을 제공받은 실험군에서 지능발달 점수가 더높았고, 어머니 역할수행 자신감도 두 군간에 차이가있었다. 운동발달에서는차이가나타나지않았다. 이상의결과를통해체중 700 g 이상~1,800 g 이하의저출생 체중아에 적용한 캉가루식 돌보기 프로그램이 미숙아의 지능발달과 어머니의 역할수행 자신감에 효과가있음이 밝혀졌으므로 신생아 집중치료실에서부터 보다더 적극적인 간호중재로 캉가루식 돌보기를 적용하도록미숙아 어머니들에게 교육하여 저출생 체중아의 지능발달을 돕고 어머니의 역할수행 자신감이 증진되도록 도와야 할 것이다. 또한 추후에는 지속적인 캉가루 돌보기 중재가 초극소 저출생 미숙아의 신체성장과 운동발달에 미치는 효과와 기간에 따른 어머니 역할수행 자신감에 대한 장기적인 반복 연구를 제언하는 바이다.
Abstract
Objectives: This study was done to verify the Kangaroo Care program on mental and motor development in premature infant and maternal role confidence. Methods: Subjects were of 26 weeks in gestational age, of 700 g in birth weight, for which matching method was used. As for experimental group of 7 couples of infant and mother, Kangaroo Care was applied 10 times in 3 weeks, while control group of another 7 couples was not applied of Kangaroo Care. Also, Kangaroo Care was conducted at home for experimental group until 4months of corrected age after discharge. Self reported questionaire was used for confidence of maternal role, Mental Developmental Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI)were evaluated using Bayley Scale of Infant Development (II). Results: There was significant difference over the mental development of preterm infants (Z=-3.15, p=.002), confidence of maternal role (Z=-2.26, p=.024) between two groups. There was no significant difference over the motor development of preterm infants between two groups. Conclusions: It was confirmed that Kangaroo Care program has effects to the mental development of premature infants and confidence of maternal role. It is highly recommended to practice Kangaroo Care in nursery for promotion of maternal role confidence as well as facilitating development of premature infants.
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