르봐이예분만군과 일반질식분만군의 분만경험지각, 분만통증, 신생아 통증반응 및 모성애착행위 비교
Comparison of the Leboyer Childbirth Method with Normal Vaginal Delivery: Mothers' Perception of Childbirth Experience, Labor Pain, Newborn's Pain Response and Maternal Attachment Behaviors
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본 연구는 르봐이예분만군과 일반질식분만군의 분만경험지각, 분만통증, 신생아통증반응 및모성애착행위정도를 비교하기 위하여 D시에 위치한 여성전문병원중에서월 분만 100건 이상의30병상 이상의병원중A, B, C 3곳을 임의 선정하여 르봐이예분만군 41명, 일반질식분만군 33명, 총 74명을 대상으로 자료수집하였다. A병원에서는 르봐이예분만법을적용하였으며, 나머지 B와 C병원에서는 르봐이예분만법외의 일반질식분만을 적용하였다. 2010년2월 28일부터 2010년4월15일까지약3개월간자료수집하였으며, 그결과는 아래와 같다. 분만경험지각은 르봐이예분만군이 평균 91.02점으로일반질식분만군의69.64점보다유의하게높았다(t= 7.47, p<.001). 분만전통증에서는르봐이예분만군이평균8.95점, 일반질식분만군 9.06점으로 유의한 차이가 없었으나(t=-0.32, p=.743), 분만후 통증에서는 르봐이예군과 일반질식분만군이 각각 평균 3.391점과 5.15점으로 참여군이 통계적으로 유의하게 통증이 낮았다(t= -2.51, p=.014). 신생아 통증반응은 르봐이예분만군(M=3.07)이 일반질식분만군(M=4.27)에비해 통계적으로 유의하게낮았다(t=-5.15, p<.001). 모성애착행위는 르봐이예분만군이 평균 16.95점, 일반질식분만군이 8.70점으로 르봐이예군이유의하게높았으며(t=10.39, p<.001), 구체적으로 살펴보면, 동일시는르봐이예분만군이평균7.32점으로일반질식분만군의3.85점보다 유의하게높았으며(t=8.00, p< .001), 상호작용도 르봐이예분만군이 평균 9.63점으로일반질식분만군의4.85점보다유의하게높았다(t= 10.46, p<.001). 결론적으로 르봐이예분만군은 일반질식분만군에 비해산모의분만경험지각이긍정적이었으며, 모성애착행위정도가높았고, 산부의산후분만통증과신생아통증정도가 낮았다. 따라서 앞으로 르봐이예분만법을 배우자에게 교육하여 그 효과를 확인하는 연구를 제언하며 또한 르봐이예분만법의 효과연구를 위해 연구조건을 잘 통제한 실험연구디자인에의한반복연구를제언한다. 본연구는일개지역을 대상으로 작은 수의 표본을 대상으로 시행하였으므로 우리나라 전체의 산모로 일반화 하는 데는 한계가 있다. 지역을 확대하고 많은 수의 산모를 대상자로 하여 효과를 검증하는 반복연구를 제언한다.
Abstract
Objectives: The Leboyer childbirth method is known as less stressful and humane delivery method for both mothers and newborns. The objectives of this study was to compare the Leboyer childbirth method with normal vaginal delivery in terms of mothers’ perception of the childbirth experience,labor pain, newborn's pain response and maternal attachment behaviors. Materials and Methods: Sample of this study included forty one mothers in the Leboyer group and thirty three normal delivery mothers from two women's hospitals during the period of 28th February to 15th April 2010. All mothers completed questionnaires including the Marut and Mercer's perception of childbirth experience, 0~10 numeric scale of labor pain, Lawrence's newborn pain response, and Cropley, Lester, Pennington's maternal attachment behaviors. Results: The findings indicated significantly higher scores for mothers’ with the Leboyer method of childbirth on the Perception of Childbirth Experience (t=7.47, p<.001) and on maternal attachment behaviors (t=10.39, p<.001) and lower scores on maternal post-labor pain (t=-2.51, p=.014) as well as on the newborn's pain (t=-5.15, p<.001). There were no significant differences between the two groups for pre-labor pain. Conclusion: Mothers with Leboyer childbirth method reported more positive maternal childbirth experiences, maternal attachment behavior, and less newborn's pain response and less post-labor pain than mothers in the comparison group with the exception of pre-labor pain.
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