조선 성리학자들의 양명학에 대한 비판적 인식 검토(6)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the Silhak(實學) perception of the thinker Seongho(星湖) Yi Ik(李瀷), and his student Sunam(順菴) An Jeong-bok(安鼎福) who had a profound impact on the formation of Silhak that showed a new trend in Neo-Confucian studies. Although there are differences in intensity depending on the period, Yang-Ming Studies were the subject of criticism after Toegye(退溪) Yi Hwang(李滉)’s “Chuanxilu(傳習錄論辯)” and Hagok(霞谷) Jeung Je-du(鄭齊斗) studied Yang-Ming Studies, but it was still heresy in the 17th century. The Silhak of Yi Ik, which emerged in this flow of thought history, contains the will of Confucianism philosopher to improve the lives of the people by ‘Zhiyong(致用)’ that realizes the meaning of Confucian classics(經典) in reality, the problem caused by the inability of Confucianism to solve social problems. Yi-ik’s willingness as a Confucian scholar is revealed to explore the main point of the scripture in a way that he ‘self-satisfied(自得)’ through ‘doubts(懷疑)’ and ‘evidence(傍證)’ based on the theories of Yi-Hwang and Zhu-zi(朱子) he admired. As a result of this approach to Yang-Ming Studies, he had a double-sided view, unlike the Joseon Neo-Confucianists who had seen in previous studies. An Jung-bok took over Yi Ik’s studies and, like his teacher, he recognized Yi-Hwang and Zhu-zi as the established theory, and based on this, he claimed the Exclusion Heresy(闢異端). Ahn Jung-bok’s Excelusion Hresy was a measure to protect colleagues from problems that arose in conjunction with politics, society, and academics at that time, and Yang-Ming Studies were also included in the list. However, Yang-Ming Studies, who was pointed out as heresy, showed critical acceptance of what was considered right based on his understanding. Yi Ik and An Jung-bok’s perception of Yang-Ming Studies is the same as those of past Neo-Confucian scholars who rejected it as heresy. However, Wang Su-In, who was judged from the perspective of Governing Theory, showed some positive views, and based on this, it is meaningful that he was able to confirm that Yang-Ming Studies has changed its perception.