녹문과 양명의 心性論 비교 연구

Abstract

This study aims to identify the structural similarities and content affinity between the Doctrine of Nokmun’s and the Doctrine of Yangming. The wisdom of Oriental philosophy, which encompasses Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, is to realize the unity of God and men or the unity of all things. To sum up the history of Confucius philosophy, however, the two stems of Human’s Nature and Heaven’s Destiny Philosophy(性命) and Life and Heaven’s Destiny Philosophy(生命) unfold in the methodology, which embodies the idea that “Everything that exists is united into one set.” In other words, the Doctrine of Chutzu’s belongs to Human’s Nature and Heaven’s Destiny Philosophy(性命), and the Doctrine of Wang Yangming belongs to Life and Heaven’s Destiny Philosophy(生命). In the ontologistic concept of the universe, Li(理) symbolizes The Morality and Gi(氣) symbolizes The Life. While the Doctrine of Chutzu’s pursues the stage of 天人合一(Heaven and The Human is one set) through Li(The Morality), the Doctrine of Yangming seeks the state of 萬物一體(All things are one set) through Gi(The Energy-Life). Unlike the Doctrine of Chutzu, Mingdao defines the essence of man as The Life and Yangming, who unites The Nature(性) and The Life(生) by The Life Principle of The Nature(性之生理), inherited it and Nokmun, who lays stress on Living Will(生意) of The Energy(氣), was also greatly influenced by Mingdao. Therefore, what is distinguished in the Doctrine of Chutzu, which defines the essence of man as “The Morality”, is that the emphasis is on “Living Will”(生意). Even so, Nokmun and Yangming make us aware that the contents of their study have an affinity, in a sense that they both claim the unity of The Morality and The Life, rather than the contradiction of The Morality and The Life. In addition, they even show the similarity of logical structure in the methodology of establishing a logical system, by presenting a viewpoint of “Li-Gi-Il-Mul”(理氣一物), outside of the Doctrine of Chutzu’s “Li-Gi-I-Won”(理氣二元).