조선 초기 국왕의 음악정책 - 태조 · 태종 · 세조를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore music policy implemented by the three kings, T’aejo 太祖, T’aejong 太宗, and Sejo 世祖 in the early Chosŏn 朝鮮 Dynasty. Founding the country with Confucianism as its state policy, T’aejo exhibited his own policy differentiated from that of Koryŏ 高麗. He declared he would rule Chosŏn with ye (禮: courtesy or rite) and ak (樂: music) and made efforts to establish the Chosŏn’s orye (五禮: five rites) from the beginning of its foundation. T’aejong employed various methods all through his long reign of 18 years to enforce the music policy which T’aejo had failed to develope. As a king having perfect pitch, Sejo developed chŏngganbo 井間譜(lit. notation of well-shaped square, i.e. rhythmic notation or Korean mensural notation) made by King Sejong 世宗 to create taegangbo 大綱譜(lit. notation of thick horizontal lines). Since Sejo sillok akpo 『世祖實錄樂譜』 (Music Monograph in the Annals of King Sejo) recorded as taegangbo contains music during the Sejo’s reign as scores, so we can examine the general aspects of ritual music then. However, the music policy of those kings is sometimes developed externally with concrete aspects or secretly in the internalized level, and it is sometimes with political contents clearly defined by the issues or those needing to be provided with meaning intentionally found; therefore, the characteristics and contents of the records are noticeably different by kings or issues. Accordingly, this study is going to explore the pursuits or characteristics of music policy by the kings of T’aejo, T’aejong, and Sejo intensively and examine which policy they employed through music. The music policy developed by the kings of Chosŏn is exhibited multi-literally and externalized in various ways, for example, strengthening national rituals, compiling music books, composing new songs, developing movements, producing scores or instruments, or reorganizing music systems. The series of musical achieve- ments and political pursuits internalize musical leadership each of the kings pursues through music, so it would be the contents also pursued by this research to diagnose the meaning of it.