1980~1990년대 아시안 아메리칸 여성미술가들의 미국역사 재현
Representation of American History by Asian American Women Artists in the 1980s and '90s
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아시안 아메리칸 여성미술가들은 1980~1990년대 본격적으로 집단적 예술주체로 부상하였다. 그들에게 미국의 역사 재현은 자아 정체성에 대한 물음의 답을 찾기 위한 출발점으로서 진지한 탐구 주제가 되었다. 이 연구는 미국의 역사를 재현한 일군의 아시안 아메리칸 여성미술가들의 작품을 역사의 주체되기, 노동의 역사, 강제 수용의 역사라는 세부 주제로 분류하고, 왜 그런 작품이 의미 경합의 장소가 되는지를 아시안 아메리칸 담론, 아시안 아메리칸 여성주의 문화비평, 탈식민 여성주의 문화담론 등을 이론적 해석 틀로 활용하여 밝히고자 하였다. 아시안 아메리칸 여성미술가들은 성과 인종에 근거해 이중적으로 소외되어 온 여성들의 경험적 소서사에 주목함으로써, 미국의 가부장적이며 백인성에 기반 한 국민 개념의 모순을 드러낼 것이다. 또한 콜럼버스에서 시작된 탄생 서사에서부터 19세기의 ‘용광로’ 담론을 거치며 위대하고 통일된 하나의 미국이란 근대국가 이미지를 구축하고, 일관된 발전 서사를 만들어가는 과정이 얼마나 인위적이며 허구이고, 수많은 봉합들로 이뤄졌는지를 문제시하고 재성찰을 요구할 것이다.
Abstract
Asian American women artists emerged in earnest as significant artistic agents in the 1980s and '90s. For them, representation of American history became a subject of research as a starting point in their search for identity. This study classifies Asian American women artists’ works, which represent American history, into three detailed topics: becoming significant agents of history, a history of labor, and a history of internment camps. It explains why these works can be a site for a dispute of meanings by the use of theoretical interpretation methodologies: Asian American discourse, Asian American feminist cultural criticism, and post-colonial feminist cultural discourse. Asian American women artists revealed the contradiction of the concept of nation–patriarchal and based on white racial identity–by focusing on women’s experiential Petit Narrative that is doubly marginalized, by gender and race. Additionally this study will force questions and require the re-inspection of the idea of “the great and united America” which is an image of a modern nation, constructed by the birth narrative which began with Columbus and passed through the “melting pot” discourse in the 19th century; it will ask how much of the process of creating consistent developing narratives is artificial and fictional and is accomplished by seamless suturing together of numerous wounds.
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