삼산·오악(三山·五嶽) 도상의 정치적 전용과 그 전거(典據)

Abstract

Mountains have implemented as a symbol of absolute power and strength through different images since ancient times, especially when it was intensively designed in three peaks(Samsan 三山) or five peaks(Ohak 五嶽) in the form of ritual art in East Asia. The two icons as symbols were used in ritual garments such as Myeonbok, Okgyu or ritual utensils, folding screens and other court objects to decorate and to show political power of the king by dominating the atmosphere. Political nature embedded icon, Samsan can be found in ritual publications since Song Dynasty but as for Ohak unfortunately not. However starting Ming Dynasty, Ohak replaces Samsan to decorate court objects and even used in architecture. Since the Ming Dynasty was a newly found empire, it is assumed that Ohak was in line with the reformation of a natural endowments. As for Korea, during the Joseon Dynasty, Samsan and Ohak were used intensively in garments and court objects, but in a more schematic form compared to China. This implies that the literal meaning of the image has been emphasized rather than the formation itself. In other words, the Great Mountains have become a symbolic icon to the royal family for their will of reign of peace, beyond a decorative image, which allowed them to constantly apply.