유아를 위한 자연친화교육 프로그램개발 및 평가
The Development and Evaluation of a Nature Friendly Program for Young Children
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본 연구는 일상적 체험중심, 과학주의적 탐구이상의 통합적 접근, 환경에 의해 제한받지 않는 자료에 대한 접근의 용이성과 활동운영의 수월성 등을 원칙으로 하여 보다 현장적용가능성이 높은 유아를 위한 자연친화교육 프로그램을 개발하고 평가하고자 하였다. 관련 문헌고찰, 전문가와의 협의를 통해 활동을 개발하면서 동시에 한 유치원에서 적용하여 수정, 보완하고, 효과를 평가하였다. 본 프로그램에서는 자연과 친해지고 교감하며 탐구하기의 단계가 순환적으로 이루어지는 교수모형을 설정하고 12개 자연물을 주제로 총 110개의 활동을 개발하였다. 유아 및 교사를 대상으로 한 평가를 통해 본 프로그램은 유아의 자연에 대한 태도 및 생태적 개념 이해를 도울 수 있으며, 교사의 입장에서는 교육적 적용가능성이 높다는 결론을 얻었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a nature friendly program that would support ecological literacy in young children and facilitate the development of pro-social attitudes and skills for living together with nature and other people. Three principles were applied in developing the program. First, a nature friendly program for young children should focus on more than a scientific inquiry of nature. Second, the program should be easy to apply in an early childhood classroom. Finally, a nature friendly program should be based on young children's direct experience with nature. A total of 110 activities covering 12 themes (the themes all center on natural objects) were constructed within a teaching frame of getting familiar with nature, sympathizing with nature, and inquiring into nature. All activities were applied in a kindergarten located in Kyeonggi province for 9 months in order to examine the appropriateness of the program in terms of its educational effects on children and on teachers' perceptions of its potentiality for application. The results demonstrate that the young children who experienced the program developed ecological concepts and positive attitudes toward nature. The teachers who participated in the process of developing the program stated that it was convenient to utilize the activities and that they felt comfortable with the natural themes and objects. Therefore, it is expected that the program developed in this study will be efficacious in developing young children's ecological literacy.
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