고려시대 내원당과 고승 - 제 기록에 나타난 기사 검토 試攷

Abstract

This paper will explore the Naewondang and great monks of the Goryeo Dynasty in Buddhist history by examining retrieved documents such as the Goryeo History, some collections of works and other articles. The Naewondang, which came from China and has existed from the Shilla Dynasty, was established in the palace at the beginning of the foundation of the Goryeo Dynasty. It is assumed to have been known as the Naedoryang in the early Goryeo Dynasty and as the Naewondang in the late Goryeo, under the rule of King Gojong. A monk who belongs to the sect that has a close relationship with the royal family among the most powerful orders was designated as one of the great monks at the Naewondang. Monks from the Gyojong (doctrinal school) such as the Hwaeom Order in the earlier Goryeo and monks from Seonjong (Zen Buddhism) such as the Jogye Order in the late Goryeo took the head monk position. As we can infer from the fact that a head monk at the Naewondang including Tanmun, Hongu, Chanyoung, and Honsu were designated as a Wangsa, the highest position of the monks, the position of a head monk at the Naewondang was high enough following a national monk and a Wangsa. This was in the same context in which the monks belonging to the order that led the Buddhist circle were designated as national monks and Wangsa. Great monks at the Naewondang stayed at the temple in the local area after they were designated as a national monk or Wangsa. Given this, they must have been in charge of Buddhism in the palace along with the great monks at the Jeongeobwon, a temple for Buddhist nuns to practice in. Also, great monks at the Naewondang seemed to have a significant effect on Buddhist policy, being in charge of Buddhism in the palace as a national monk and Wangsa.