대학생의 완벽주의와 진로미결정 간의 성차 모형 검증: 걱정의 매개 역할
The Sex Difference in Relationship Model among Perfectionism and Career Indecision: The Mediation Effect of Worry
0
조회
0
다운로드
13
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 사회적으로 부과된 완벽주의(Socially Prescribed Perfectionism; 이하 SPP)와 진로미결정의 관계에서 걱정의 매개 효과와 각 변인 간에 성차를 살펴보았다. 구조방정식을 이용하여 분석한 결과, SPP와 진로미결정에 대한 걱정의 부분매개 모형과 완전매개 모형 중 각 경로의 유의미성과 간명성을 고려할 때, 완전매개 모형이 더 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 완전매개 모형을 기준으로 성차를 확인하기 위해 다집단 분석을 시행하였으며 그 결과 모형은 남녀 집단에 모두 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 세부적으로 살펴보면, 남성의 경우 SPP와 걱정, 걱정에서 진로미결정에 이르는 모든 경로가 유의미하였으나 여성의 경우 걱정에서 진로미결정으로 가는 경로가 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 대학생의 진로 결정 과정을 이해하기 위해 성격적 특성과 함께 정서를 고려해야 하며 정서 인식에서의 성차 역시 함께 고려해야 함을 시사한다. 이를 바탕으로 개인 특성에 맞는 효과적이고 적절한 진로 지도 방법에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study first attempted to examine the mediation effect of worry in the relationship between the socially-prescribed perfectionism(SPP) of multi-dimensional perfectionism and career indecision(CI) among college students. Next, this study explored whether the process of career decision making differs by gender on the mediation model. The results using structural equation preferred the complete mediation model over the partial mediation. In addition, the multi-group analysis was applied to the test for examining gender difference based on complete mediation model. Finding indicated that model of mediation effect of worry produced good fit to the data across gender. But there's a little bit of gender difference in the path between worry and CI. For males, all paths in the mediation model were significant. For females, however, the path between worry and CI was not significant. This contrasted result indicated the possibility of gender differences in characteristics and affect recognition to understand career decision among college students.
참고문헌 (75)
- 강차연, "대학생들의 애착과 진로발달의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 13(2), pp.51~69 (2001)
- 고향자, "한국대학생의 의사결정유형과 진로결정수준의 분석 및 진로결정상담의 효과", 박사, pp.1992
- 교육인적자원부, "교육통계연보", ~ (2008)
- 김동준, "진로미결정 문제와 심리적 변인의 관계", 석사, pp.1997
- 김계현, "진로 미결정에 관한 연구동향과 향후의 연구과제", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 7(1), pp.20~43 (1995)
- 김정원, "걱정과 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족 및 문제해결방식과의 관계", 한국심리학회 연차학술발표대회 (1998)
- 설승원, "불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 정서 통제감이 걱정에 영향을 미치는 기제: 문제 해결 지향의 매개효과를 중심으로", 한국심리학회지 임상, 27(1), pp.209~235 (2008), 한국임상심리학회
- 손은령, "여자대학생이 지각한 진로장벽과 개인ㆍ심리적 변인의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 14(2), pp.415~427 (2002), 한국상담심리학회
- 송은령, "한국 대학생의 진로결정 및 준비행동 - 사회 인지적 진로이론을 중심으로 -", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 17(2), pp.399~417 (2005), 한국상담심리학회
- 우영지, "지각된 부모의 양육태도와 대학생의 진로태도성숙과의 관계:사회적으로 부과된 완벽주의와 자기제시동기를 매개로", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 19(4), pp.1023~1039 (2007), 한국상담심리학회
- 유성진, "걱정이 많은 사람들의 성격특징", 심리과학, 9(1), pp.15~38 (2000)
- 이예진, "대학생의 모애착과 진로미결정의 관계 연구: 완벽주의와 외재적 일가치를 중심으로", 직업능력개발연구, 12(3), pp.47~70 (2009), 한국직업능력개발원
- 이재창, "완벽주의 및 역기능적 진로사고와 진로미결정과의 관계", 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(4), pp.853~872 (2006), 한국상담심리학회
- 최인화, "고등학생의 내외통제성과 진로정체감 및 진로결정과의 관계", 석사, pp.1998
- 한기연, "다차원적 완벽성: 개념, 측정 및 부적응", 박사, pp.1993
- 홍세희, "특별기고: 구조 방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거", 한국심리학회지: 임상, 19(1), pp.161~177 (2000)
- 허자영, "대학생 진로결정 유형에 관한 연구", 석사, pp.1996
- 통계청, "2009 통계로 보는 여성의 삶", ~ (2009)
- 통계청, "취업통계연보", ~ (2009)
- Astin, H. S, "Developing scientific talent in undergraduate women, in The equity equation: fostering the advancement of women in science, mathmatics, and engineering", pp.96~121 (1996), Jossey-Bass Publisher
- Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator distinction on social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), pp.1173~1182 (1986)
- Betz, N. E., "Efficacy and outcome expectations influence career exploration and decidedness", Career Development Quarterly, 46(2), pp.179~189 (1997)
- Borkovec, T. D., "Worry: a potentially valuable concept", Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23(4), pp.481~482 (1985)
- Borkovec, T. D., "Preliminary exploration of worry: some characteristics and processes", Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(1), pp.9~16 (1983)
- Borkovec, T. D., "Stimulus control applications to the treatment of worry", Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(3), pp.247~251 (1983)
- Browne, M. W., "Alternative ways of assessing model fit", Sociological Methods and Research, 21(2), pp.230~258 (1993)
- Burns, D. D., "The perfectionist's script for self-defeat", Psychology Today (1980)
- Byrne, B. M., "Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming" (2001), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Callahan, G. A., "The career indecision of managers and professional: An examination of multiple subtypes", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 41(3), pp.212~231 (1992)
- Cohen, C. R., "Relationship between career indecision subtypes and ego identity development", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(4), pp.440~447 (1995)
- Davey, G. C. L., "A comparison of three worry questionnaires", Behavior Research and Therapy, 31, pp.51~56 (1993)
- Davey,G. C. L., "Pathological worrying as exacerbated problem-solving, In Worrying: Perspectives on theory, assessment and treatment", pp.35~39 (1994), Wiley
- Dunkley, D. M., "The relation between perfectionism and distress: Hassles, coping, and perceived social support as mediators and moderators", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(4), pp.437~453 (2000)
- Eisenhar. M. A., "Gender constructs and career commitment: the influence of peer culture in women in college, In Gender constructs and social issue", pp.142~180 (1992), University of Illinois Press
- Fitzgerald, L. F., "Issues of vocational psychology of women, In Handbook of vocational psychology" (1983), Erlbaum
- Flett, G. L., "Components of perfectionism and procrastination in college students", Social Behavior and Personality, 20(2), pp.85~94 (1992)
- Fuqua, D. R., "Empirical support for the differential diagnosis of career indecision", Career Development Quarterly, 36(4), pp.365~373 (1988)
- Fuqua, D. R., "The relationship of career indecision and anxiety: A multivariate examination", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 30(2), pp.175~186 (1987)
- Gati, I., "A Taxonomy of Difficulties in Career Decision Making", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43(4), pp.510~526 (1996)
- Hakim, C., "Women, career and work life preferences", British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 34, pp.279~294 (2006)
- Hamachek, D. E., "Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism", Psychology, 15, pp.27~33 (1978)
- Hewitt, P. L., "Perfectionism in the Self and Social Contexts: Conceptualization, Assessment, and Association With Psychopathology", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(3), pp.456~470 (1991)
- Hewitt, P. L., "Perfectionism and neuroticism in psychiatric patients and college students", Personality and Individual Differences, 12(3), pp.273~279 (1991)
- Hollender, M. H., "Perfectionism", Comprehensive Psychiatry, 6(2), pp.94~103 (1965)
- Holmbeck, G. N., "Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: Examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures", Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(4), pp.599~610 (1997)
- Hong, S., "Testing configural, metric, scalar, and latent mean invariance across gender in sociotropy and autonomy using non-western sample", Educational and Psychology Measurement, 63(4), pp.636~654 (2003)
- Kaplan, D. M., "The role of anxiety in career indecisiveness", Career Development Quarterly, 36(2), pp.148~162 (1987)
- Larson, L. M., "Investigating multiple subtypes of career indecision through cluster analysis", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 35(4), pp.439~446 (1988)
- Lent, R. W., "Monograph: Toward a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice, and performance", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45(1), pp.79~122 (1994)
- Lent, R. W., "Contextual supports and barriers to career choice: A social cognitive analysis", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(1), pp.36~49 (2000)
- Lucas, M. S., "A validation of types of career indecision at a counseling center", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 40(4), pp.440~446 (1993)
- Luzzo, D. A., "Exploring the relationship between the perception of occupational barriers and career development", Journal of Career Development, 22(4), pp.239~248 (1996)
- MacCallum, R. C., "Alternative strategies for cross-validation of covariance structure models", Multivariate Behavioral Research, 29(1), pp.1~32 (1994)
- Meyer, T. J., "Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire", Behavior Research and Therapy, 28(6), pp.487~495 (1990)
- Molina, S., "The Penn State Worry Questionnaire: psychometric properties and associated characteristics, In Worrying: perspectives on therapy, assessment and treatment", pp.265~283 (1994), Wiley
- Nevo, O., "Irrational expectations in career counseling and their confronting arguments", Career Development Quarterly, 35, pp.239~250 (1987)
- Newman, J. L., "A discriminant study of gender differences on career subscales", Paper presented at the 98th Annual Convention of American Psychological Association (1990)
- Osipow, S. H., "The career decision scale (3rd rev.)" (1980), Marsthon Consulting and Press
- Pacht, A. R., "Reflections on perfection", American Psychologist, 39(4), pp.386~390 (1984)
- Page, J., "Role of perfectionism and five-factor model traits in career indecision", Personality and Individual Differences, 45(8), pp.811~815 (2008)
- Peake, A., "Young adults' attitude toward multiple role planning: the influence of gender, career traditionality, and marriage plans", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(3), pp.405~421 (2002)
- Phillips, D. D., "Women and career development: A decade of research", Annual Review of Psychology, 48, pp.31~59 (1997)
- Saka, N., "Emotional and personality-related aspects of career decision -making difficulties", Journal of Career Assessment, 16(4), pp.403~424 (2008)
- Santos, P. J., "Predictors of generalized indecision among Portuguese secondary school students", Journal of Career Assessment, 9(4), pp.381~396 (2001)
- Shrout, P. E., "Mediation in experimental and non experimental studies: New procedures and recommendations", Psychological methods, 7(4), pp.422~445 (2002)
- Sobel, M. E., "Asymptotic Confidence Intervals for Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models", Sociological Methodology, 13, pp.290~312 (1982)
- Sobel, M. E., "Some New Results on Indirect Effects and Their Standard Errors in Covariance Structure Models", Sociological Methodology, 16, pp.159~186 (1986)
- Solomon, L. J., "Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), pp.503~509 (1984)
- Stead, G. B., "The relation between career indecision and irrational beliefs among university students", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42(2), pp.155~169 (1993)
- Stoeber, J., "Facets of self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism and feelings of pride, shame, and guilt following success and failure", Personality and Individual Differences, 44(7), pp.1506~1516 (2008)
- Taylor, K. M., "An examination of the relationships among career decision-making self-efficacy, career salience, locus of control and vocational indecision", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 37(1), pp.17~31 (1990)
- Tinklin, T., "Gender and attitudes to work and family roles: the views of young people at the millennium", Gender and Education, 17(2), pp.129~142 (2005)
- Weitzman, L. M., "The development and validation of scales to assess realism of attitude toward multiple role planning", Journal of Career Assessment, 4, pp.269~284 (1992)
- Westbrook, B. W., "The validity of the crites model of career maturity", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), pp.249~281 (1980)
- Wilson, L. M., "The relationship between parental attachment, career-decision-making self-efficacy, gender, race and career indecision", 박사, pp.2000
