외래적 재판외 이혼의 실행과 수용
Giving Effect to a Foreign Extrajudicial Divorce Through Judicial Intervention and Recognition
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
A foreign divorce, i.e., a divorce constituted abroad or according to foreign law, should be accepted into the Korean legal order, as long as no particular problem exists. The purpose lies in preserving and promoting the stability of cross-border legal relations in personal matters. Two approaches exist in this regard: the applicable law approach and the judgment recognition approach. The recognition of legal situations, which dispenses with a substantive review of whether the lex causae was correctly applied, belongs to the applicable law approach. Although there is an opposing view, the judgment recognition approach is not superior to the applicable law approach in all respects. Particularly, the conditions of recognizing a foreign judgment may be interpreted less favorably than those of recognizing a foreign legal situation. Firstly, forum legis may not be upheld as a basis of divorce jurisdiction. Secondly, the interpretive efforts to do away with the reciprocity requirement may fail. Thirdly, the process of consensual divorce as pursued in the receiving state may be seen as violating the territorial integrity of the receiving state, due to an emphasis given to its territorial sovereignty. Fourthly, an uncompleted consensual divorce may be an object of applying the lex causae, and even the object of recognition pursuant to the doctrine of recognizing a foreign legal situation. In order to embrace those possible advantages of the applicable law approach, the concurrence should be upheld between the judgment recognition approach and the applicable law approach. The conditions of recognizing a foreign judgment in family matters should be construed as being limited to international adjudicatory jurisdiction and the congruence with public policy. The requirements of the legality of the service of process and the reciprocity should be discarded, even in interpreting the existing law. This differentiation may be made in the course of applying Article 217 of the Civil Procedure Act mutatis mutandis, pursuant to Article 12 of the Family Procedure Act. On the other hand, Korean courts should also dispense with a scrutiny of whether the foreign court applied the same law as Korean courts would apply in the same situation. Furthermore, forum legis should be added to the list of jurisdictional bases. This will prevent the imbalance between the judgments recognition avenue and the applicable law avenue, including the recognition of a foreign legal situation, in particular.
Abstract
A foreign divorce, i.e., a divorce constituted abroad or according to foreign law, should be accepted into the Korean legal order, as long as no particular problem exists. The purpose lies in preserving and promoting the stability of cross-border legal relations in personal matters. Two approaches exist in this regard: the applicable law approach and the judgment recognition approach. The recognition of legal situations, which dispenses with a substantive review of whether the lex causae was correctly applied, belongs to the applicable law approach. Although there is an opposing view, the judgment recognition approach is not superior to the applicable law approach in all respects. Particularly, the conditions of recognizing a foreign judgment may be interpreted less favorably than those of recognizing a foreign legal situation. Firstly, forum legis may not be upheld as a basis of divorce jurisdiction. Secondly, the interpretive efforts to do away with the reciprocity requirement may fail. Thirdly, the process of consensual divorce as pursued in the receiving state may be seen as violating the territorial integrity of the receiving state, due to an emphasis given to its territorial sovereignty. Fourthly, an uncompleted consensual divorce may be an object of applying the lex causae, and even the object of recognition pursuant to the doctrine of recognizing a foreign legal situation. In order to embrace those possible advantages of the applicable law approach, the concurrence should be upheld between the judgment recognition approach and the applicable law approach. The conditions of recognizing a foreign judgment in family matters should be construed as being limited to international adjudicatory jurisdiction and the congruence with public policy. The requirements of the legality of the service of process and the reciprocity should be discarded, even in interpreting the existing law. This differentiation may be made in the course of applying Article 217 of the Civil Procedure Act mutatis mutandis, pursuant to Article 12 of the Family Procedure Act. On the other hand, Korean courts should also dispense with a scrutiny of whether the foreign court applied the same law as Korean courts would apply in the same situation. Furthermore, forum legis should be added to the list of jurisdictional bases. This will prevent the imbalance between the judgments recognition avenue and the applicable law avenue, including the recognition of a foreign legal situation, in particular.
참고문헌 (51)
- 법무부, "국제사법 해설" (2001)
- 석광현, "국제민사소송법: 국제사법(절차편)" (2012), 박영사
- 성낙인총장 퇴임기념논문집 간행위원회, "동당 성낙인총장 퇴임기념논문집 : 국가와 헌법II : 기본권론" (2018), 법문사
- 신창선, "신국제사법" (2016), fides
- 안춘수, "국제사법" (2017), 법문사
- 석광현, "주해친족법 제2권" (2015), 박영사
- 이호정, "국제사법" (1981), 경문사
- 최공웅, "국제소송" (1988), 육법사
- 최흥섭, "한국 국제사법 I : 법적용법을 중심으로" (2019), 한국학술정보
- 최흥섭, "국제사법에 관한 글모음집 2022년" (2022), 부크크
- 김원태, "외국가사재판의 승인·집행에 관한 문제의 재검토", 국제사법연구, (6) (2001)
- 김원태, "국제이혼의 법적 문제", 가족법연구, 20(1), pp.1~38 (2006), 한국가족법학회
- 김희동, "외국이혼재판의 승인", 강원법학, 44, pp.91~124 (2015), 비교법학연구소[DOI]
- 민유숙, "2013년 친족·상속법 중요 판례", 인권과 정의, (440), pp.49~63 (2014), 대한변호사협회[DOI]
- 석광현, "국제재판관할과 외국판결의 승인 및 집행", 국제사법연구, 20(1), pp.3~77 (2014), 한국국제사법학회
- 에 따른 가사사건의 국제재판관할규칙, "국제사법연구", 2018, ~
- 석광현, "국제사법에서 준거법의 지정에 갈음하는 승인: 유럽연합에서의 논의와 우리 법에의 시사점", 국제거래와 법, (35), pp.1~66 (2021), 법학연구소[DOI]
- 이병화, "국제이혼에 관한 국제사법적 고찰", 저스티스, 137, pp.381~428 (2013), 한국법학원
- 장준혁, "동당 성낙인총장 퇴임기념논문집: 국가와 헌법II: 기본권론" (2018), 법문사
- 장준혁, "자유와 정의의 민법학:양창수 교수 고희기념논문집" (2021), 박영사
- 전연숙, "국제가사소송사건의 실태분석 및 개선방안: 서울가정법원 가사5단독(국제가사소송사건전담부) 실무례를 중심으로", 국제사법연구, (12) (2006)
- 정구태, "한국 민법 제865조 제2항의 적용과 국제적 공서 - 大阪高等裁判所 2014.5.9. 判決에 대한 비판적 연구 -", 가족법연구, 29(2), pp.227~256 (2015), 한국가족법학회
- 정구태, "외국법에 의하는 또는 외국에서 한 조정이혼, 협의이혼 및 사적 이혼’에 대한 토론문", 한국가족법학회 2021년 동계학술대회: 다문화가족의 법적 쟁점 (2021)
- 최흥섭, "국제사법에 관한 글모음집 2022년" (2022), 부크크
- 한숙희, "국제가사사건의 국제재판관할과 외국판결의 승인 및 집행: 이혼을 중심으로", 국제사법연구, (12) (2006)
- 현소혜, "친권 관계 사건의 국제재판관할 ―2019년 브뤼셀 II ter 규칙에 대한 소개를 중심으로―", 가족법연구, 35(2), pp.219~258 (2021), 한국가족법학회
- "말리크파", 위키백과, ~ (2021)
- 二宮周平, "現代家族法講座 第5卷 國際化と家族" (2020), 日本評論社
- 中西康, "現代家族法講座 第5卷 國際化と家族" (2020), 日本評論社
- 中野俊一郞, "現代家族法講座 第5卷 國際化と家族" (2020), 日本評論社
- 靑木淸, "在日韓國人夫婦の協議離婚", 成均館法學, (8) (1997)
- Crawford, E. B, "International Private Law: A Scots Perspective" (2010), Green
- Kropholler, Jan, "Internationales Privatrecht" (2006), Mohr Siebeck
- Magnus, Ulrich, "Brussels IIbis Regulation" (2012), Sellier
- Rogerson, Pipa, "Collier’s Conflict of Laws" (2013), Cambridge University Press
- Scherpe, Jens M, "The Interaction between Family Law, Succession Law and Private International Law" (2021), Intersentia
- D'Alessandro, Elena, "The Interaction between Family Law, Succession Law and Private International Law" (2021), Intersentia
- Borrás, Algería, "Explanatory Report on the Convention, drawn up on the basis of Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union, on Jurisdiction and the Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments in Matrimonial Matters, 98", C 221, Official Journal of the European Communities, ~
- Editorial Board, "United States Recognition of Foreign, Nonjudicial Divorces", Minnesota Law Review, 53, pp.612~ (1969)
- Experts’ Group on Family Agreements & Permanent Bureau, "Practitioners’ Tool:Cross-Border Recognition and Enforcement of Agreements Reached in the Course of Family Matters Involving Children", Prel. Doc, (3B) (2022)
- Group européen de droit international privé, "Vingt-neuvième réunion, Katowice, 13-15 septembre 2019, Compte rendu des séances de travail", ~ (2019)
- Kruiniger, P, "Islamic Divorces in Europe: Bridging the Gap between European and Islamic Legal Orders", 박사, pp.2014
- "Grounds for Divorce and Maintenance Between Former Spouses: Denmark"[URL]
- "Update: Denmark"[URL]
- Niboyet, Marie-Laure, "Les répudiations musulmanes à nouveau sur la sellette?", Rev. crit. DIP (2021)
- Permanent Bureau, "Overview of the findings of the Experts’ Group on cross-border recognition and enforcement of agreements in family matters involving children in relation to the development of a normative instrument", Hague Conference on Private International Law (2020)
- "Legislation - National Legislation - Civil Code"[URL]