『율리시즈』의 다양한 서술기법: 우연의 실용적 이용

Abstract

Joyce said that a text should not be planned out beforehand, and he was a believer in the role of chance in gathering and in elaborating source materials. So the elements of chance and randomness are sprayed in many ways throughout Ulysses. The multiple styles which are extensively used in the second half of Ulysses are good ways to represent the contingent nature of his thought. This study aims to reveal that multiple styles are James Joyce’s strategic treatment of chance in writing Ulysses. Joyce employes them to enjoy the maximum freedom of adding materials to the text when writing the second half of Ulysses. The first half of Ulysses(with the exception of “Aeolus”) is composed of “initial style” such as free indirect style, interior monologue, and the third person narrative. Joyce provides the readers with the stream of consciousness technique through which we can recognize the characters’ situations and thoughts. Joyce adapts various styles which become more and more complex, and deliberately includes random details as the text progresses. The latter part of the text took Joyce much longer to write than he expected and is marked by expansion, elaboration, and extrapolation. Through multiple styles, Joyce depicts the world of uncertainty in which there is an absence of a definitive or fixed interpretation. Ulysses gives the readers an overwhelming number of styles and facts through which the readers interpret reality in different ways. In this sense, in Ulysses, reading is an ongoing dialogue between the reader and the text.