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“To lose its pain, not its intensity”: The Intensity of Affect in Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For

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Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For (2005) tests out the viability of a multicultural Toronto rooted in racial, ethnic, and national differences. On some level, the novel is a hopeful account of cross-cultural and interracial connections in its portrayal of four twenty-something second-generation immigrant protagonists who form close affective bonds. Some critical studies on the novel have thus focused on the subject of affective, affiliative, and cosmopolitan citizenship and belonging, with the city of Toronto as a backdrop to such possibility. In this paper, I seek to recalibrate the importance of affect in the novel by concentrating on a particular character: Carla, half Italian and Jamaican, who lost her Italian working-class mother to suicide when she was five, an age not young enough to forget or to not know, but old enough to remember and bear the trauma of a painful personal history. In drawing on theories by scholars who have written on affect and emotion, I will argue that the fine distinction between the two terms can helpfully illuminate Brand’s representation of the character Carla’s attempts to move beyond a traumatic past. I will thus focus on the affective relations Carla claims and transmutes, and her creative use and forging of affective encounters with both human and non-human elements available to her

Abstract

Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For (2005) tests out the viability of a multicultural Toronto rooted in racial, ethnic, and national differences. On some level, the novel is a hopeful account of cross-cultural and interracial connections in its portrayal of four twenty-something second-generation immigrant protagonists who form close affective bonds. Some critical studies on the novel have thus focused on the subject of affective, affiliative, and cosmopolitan citizenship and belonging, with the city of Toronto as a backdrop to such possibility. In this paper, I seek to recalibrate the importance of affect in the novel by concentrating on a particular character: Carla, half Italian and Jamaican, who lost her Italian working-class mother to suicide when she was five, an age not young enough to forget or to not know, but old enough to remember and bear the trauma of a painful personal history. In drawing on theories by scholars who have written on affect and emotion, I will argue that the fine distinction between the two terms can helpfully illuminate Brand’s representation of the character Carla’s attempts to move beyond a traumatic past. I will thus focus on the affective relations Carla claims and transmutes, and her creative use and forging of affective encounters with both human and non-human elements available to her

참고문헌 (14)

  1. Bernabei, Franca, "Recharting the Black Atlantic: Modern Cultures, Local Communities, Global Connections", pp.109~127 (2008), Routledge
  2. Brennan, Teresa, "The Transmission of Affect" (2004), Cornell UP
  3. Chariandy, David, "‘The Fiction of Belonging’: On Second Generation Black Writing in Canada", Callaloo, 30(3), pp.818~829 (2007)
  4. Gould, Deborah, "Political Emotions: New Agenda in Communication", pp.18~44 (2010), Routledge
  5. Gregg, Melissa, "The Affect Theory Reader", pp.1~25 (2010), Duke UP
  6. Koivunen, Ann, "Working with Affect in Feminist Readings: Disturbing Differences", pp.8~28 (2010), Routledge
  7. Johansen, Emily, "‘Streets are the dwelling place of the collective’:Public Space and Cosmopolitan Citizenship in Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For", Canadian Literature, 196, pp.48~62 (2008)
  8. Mackey, Allison, "Postnational Coming of Age in Contemporary Anglo-Canadian Fiction", ESC, 38(3-4), pp.227~253 (2012)
  9. Massumi, Brian, "Parables for the Virtual: Movement, Affect, Sensation" (2002), Duke UP
  10. McKibbin, Molly Littlewood, "The Possibilities of Home: Negotiating City Spaces in Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For", Journal of Black Studies, 38(3), pp.502~518 (2008)
  11. Probyn, E., "Sexing the Self: Gendered Positions in Cultural Studies" (1993), Routledge
  12. Roupakia, Lydia Efthymia, "‘Art-iculating’ Affective Citizenship: Dionne Brand’s What We All Long For", ATLANTIS: Journal of the Spanish Association of Anglo-American Studies, 37(1), pp.31~50 (2015)
  13. Smyth, Heather, "‘The Being Together of Strangers’: Dionne Brand’s Politics of Difference and the Limits of Multicultural Discourse", Studies in Canadian Literature, 33(1), pp.272~290 (2008)
  14. Terada, Rei, "Feeling in Theory: Emotion after the ‘Death of the Subject.’" (2001), Harvard UP

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