중소기업의 동적역량, 고객경험품질, 수출성과 간의 구조적 관계: 해외채널관리의 조절효과
The Structural Relationship among SME’s Dynamic Capabilities, Customer Experience, and Export Performance: Moderating Effects of Overseas Channel Management
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수출마케팅의 맥락에서 고객경험이 수출성과에 큰 영향을 미치는 중요한 요인이 되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 접근방법은 수출마케팅 과정에서 해외고객에게 노정되어 있는 다양한 고객접점에서 발생하는 상호작용의 역동성을 포착하는데 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 조직의 동적역량과 고객경험품질 그리고 수출성과 간의 구조적 관계를 설명하는 연구모형을 제시하고, 이를 검증하기 위해 176개 중소기업의 표본으로부터 수집된 자료를 대상으로 실증 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, 조직의 동적역량은 고객경험의 품질에 큰 영향을 미치는 선행요인으로 확인되었고, 고객경험의 품질은 더 나은 수출성과를 창출하는 주된 요인임이 검증되었다. 특히 중소기업의 수출마케팅 채널의 운영관리가 고객경험의 품질과 수출성과 간의 인과관계를 유의미하게 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과는 다음과 같은 실무적 시사점을 제시한다. 첫째, 수출시장에서 탁월한 고객경험을 창출하려면 기업은 외부환경 및 고객욕구의 변화에 민첩하고 효과적으로 대응하기 위해 가용한 내부 자원과 역량을 새로운 방식으로 결합하고 재구성할 수 있는 동적역량을 구축해야 한다. 조직의 적응역량과 흡수역량 그리고 혁신역량으로 구성되는 동적역량은 차별화된 고객가치를 창출하기 위한 탁월한 고객경험의 근원이기 때문이다. 둘째, 해외고객들을 위한 고객경험은 로컬 에이전트와 같은 해외채널의 효과적인 설계 및 운영을 통해 일관되게 관리되어야 한다. 본 연구는 수출성과의 새로운 결정요인으로 고객경험이 지닌 잠재력을 규명함으로써 중소기업의 수출성과에 관한 이론의 지평을 확장하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
In the context of export marketing, customer experience is an important factor that greatly affects export performance. However, the previous studies have limitations in capturing the dynamics of customer experiences in various customer contacts exposed to overseas customers. This study identifies the antecedents of customer experience quality and explores variables that can moderate the causal relationship between customer experience and export performance. It presents a research model that describes the structural relationship between organizational dynamic capabilities, customer experience quality, and export performance based on a literature review. To verify this, an empirical analysis was conducted using data collected from a sample of 176 SMEs. According to the analysis results, the dynamic capabilities of the organization were identified as a crucial antecedent influencing the customer experience quality. It was also proved that customer experience quality is one of the key determinants to make better export performance. In particular, it was verified that overseas channel management significantly moderates the causal relationship between the customer experience quality and export performance. These results suggest the following practical implications. First, to create a superior customer experience in the export market, companies must build and implement dynamic capabilities to combine and reconfigure their available resources and capabilities in a new way to respond quickly and effectively to changes in the external environment and customer needs. Second, customer experience for overseas customers should be consistently managed through the effective design and operations of overseas channels such as local agents and distributors. This study contributes to expanding the horizon of theory on export performance by identifying the potential of customer experience as a new determinant of export performance.
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