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해외 R&D 자회사의 글로벌 조직 정체성과 지식 습득: 일본 다국적 기업 해외 R&D 자회사의 글로벌 지식 습득

Global Organizational Identity and Global Knowledge Sourcing of Overseas R&D Subsidiaries: Studies of Overseas R&D Subsidiaries of Japanese Multinationals

송재용|박연진|Kazuhiro Asakawa
한국국제경영학회 (Korean Academy of International Business)|2020.08|국제경영연구 (International Business Journal)|제31권 제3호|pp. 1-34|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14365/ibj.2020.31.3.1

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참고문헌

키워드

자율성Autonomy조직 정체성Organizational identity해외 자회사글로벌 지식 습득Overseas subsidiaryGlobal knowledge sourcing
주제분류경영학

초록

본 논문은 다국적 기업 해외 R&D 자회사의 지식 습득 방향에 있어서 자회사의 글로벌 조직 정체성(global organizational identity)이 미칠 수 있는 영향에 대하여 탐색하였다. 사회 정체성 이론에 근거하여, 본 연구에서는 다국적 기업 해외 R&D 자회사가 본국도 현지도 아닌 그 외의 국가에서 지식을 습득하는 글로벌 지식 습득 행위를 하는데 있어서 해외 R&D 자회사의 글로벌 조직 정체성이 미칠 수 있는 영향에 대해 탐구하였다. 자아 존중감을 향상시키고 불확실성을 감소시키기 위한 목적에서 다국적 기업 해외 R&D 자회사는 자신의 조직 정체성을 일치시키는 방향으로 자신의 태도와 행위를 적합시키게 된다. 사회 정체성 이론에 기초하여, 본 연구에서는 해외 R&D 자회사가 글로벌 혁신가로서 명확한 사명을 가질 때, 보다 높은 자율성을 가질 때, 그리고 글로벌 파트너와의 관계에 보다 깊이 배태되어 있을 때 글로벌 지식 습득 행위를 보다 활발하게 할 수 있을 것이라고 예측하였다. 그리고 해외 R&D 자회사의 기술적인 역량이 글로벌 조직 정체성 관련 요인들과 글로벌 지식 습득 간의 관계를 강화하는 조절 효과에 관한 가설 또한 수립하였다. 가설 검증을 위해 본 연구에서는 일본 다국적 기업의 해외 R&D 연구소들의 설문 자료와 미국 특허청의 특허 인용 자료를 결합하여 음이항 회귀 모형으로 분석하였다. 실증 분석 결과 해외 R&D 자회사의 자율성과 글로벌 관계에의 배태 정도가 글로벌 지식 습득에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 해외 R&D 자회사의 자율성과 글로벌 지식 습득 간의 관계를 자회사의 기술적 역량이 강화하는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of global organizational identity of multinational corporations’ overseas R&D subsidiaries on their global knowledge sourcing; knowledge sourcing from other countries(neither home nor host country). Drawing upon the social identity theory, we focused on the complex context of an overseas R&D subsidiary and its effects on knowledge sourcing direction. To enhance its self-esteem or to reduce uncertainty, an overseas R&D subsidiary with an global organizational identity can change its attitudes and behaviors to specific knowledge sources for identity congruence. We expected that an overseas R&D subsidiary is more likely to source knowledge from other countries(global knowledge sourcing) when it has clear mission as a global innovator; when it is more autonomous; and when it is more deeply embedded in the relationship with the global partners. We also hypothesized that its technological capability can positively moderate the relationship between mission/ autonomy/ global embeddedness and global knowledge sourcing. The results of negative binomial regression analysis using overseas R&D laboratories data of Japanese multinational corporations show that autonomy and global embeddedness of an overseas R&D subsidiary have positive impacts on its global knowledge sourcing and that its technological capability strengthens the relationship between its autonomy and global knowledge sourcing.

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