제왕시의 전략적 위치에서 본 시편 89편
Psalm 89 in Light of the Strategically Positioned Royal Psalms: Is the Davidic Covenant a Failed Mission?
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초록
본 연구는 윌슨의 제왕시 연구의 한 테제 "시편 89편의 메시지를 다윗 언약의 실패"라는 잘못된 결론을 검토하는 논문이다. 이를 위해 제 4-5권에 있는 제왕시들의 전략적 위치를 확인하며, 제 4-5권의 제왕시들의 신학적 특성을 재조명하였다. 시편 89편은 다윗계 왕의 일시적인 고난과 치욕과 거절이 있을 지라도, 메시야에 대한 새로운 소망으로 살아났음을 밝힌다.
Abstract
It is well known that royal psalms 2, 72, and 89 are strategically placed at the seams of Books I-III because of Wilson's pioneering work on their strategic arrangement. He observed there is a thematic development among these royal psalms. The key issue is how the Davidic covenant is to be viewed in light of their arrangement. The Davidic covenant is positively viewed in Ps 2. It is transferred to his son Solomon in Ps 72. However, it is negatively evaluated in Ps 89. According to Wilson the heart of the message of Ps 89 is the Davidic covenant failed. He sought to find the answer to this failed mission from Books IV-V. He called the YHWH MALAK psalms (Pss 94-99) the theological heart of the expanded final Psalter. Wilson's negative evaluation of Ps 89 derived primarily from his failure to observe the strategic arrangement of the royal psalms in Books IV-V. The method he employed for the study of Ps 89 also involves a logical problem by overlooking the theme of the Davidic covenant from the royal psalms in Books IV-V. The royal psalms that are strategically placed in Books I-III should be compared to those in Books IV-V, not to the YHWH MALAK psalms in Book IV. The goal of this paper is to unravel that the Davidic covenant in Ps 89 is not a failed mission. This study utilizes my previous research on the royal psalms in Books IV-V(“The Strategic Arrangement of Royal Psalms in Books IV-V,” WTJ 70 [2008], 143-57). The present study will show how the theme of the Davidic covenant develops from Ps 89 to the strategically positioned royal psalms in Books IV-V (Pss 110, 132, and 144). The hope for the anointed of YHWH did not evaporate in the air; it reappears as a new form of the Messianic hope matched with the eschatological hope which appears in prophetic writings in the postexilic period(e.g., Zech 9-14, Joel 3-4[MT], etc.). In Ps 110, the Messiah triumphs in the warfare and sits at the right hand of YHWH. In Ps 132, the Messiah rules on Mount Zion. In Ps 144, the Messiah will finally win the victory over the enemies in the eschatological warfare and there will be abundant eschatological blessings. In light of this thematic development, the message of Ps 89 will be identified as the Davidic king's temporary suffering, humilation, and rejection. The living hope for the anointed of YHWH in Ps 89 is vividly expressed in the psalmist's exclamation, “How long, O LORD?”(v. 46/H47).
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