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시 144편에 나타난 다윗왕권과 그 신학적 함의

Davidic Kingship in Psalm 144 and Its Theological Implications

김희석
한국구약학회 (Korean Society of Old Testament Studies)|2010.12|구약논단 (Korean Journal of Old Testament Studies)|제16권 제4호|pp. 71-92|DOI 10.24333/jkots.2010.16.4.71

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참고문헌

키워드

시편 144편다윗 언약다윗 왕권여호와 왕권구성적 접근법보편화Psalm 144Davidic Covenant Davidic Kingship Kingship of YHWH Compositional Approach Democratization
주제분류기독교신학

초록

본 논문은 시 144편이 시 8편과 시 118편의 본문을 어떻게 응용하고 있는지를 시편에 대한 구성적 접근법을 활용하여 살펴본다. 시 144편은 다윗을 신적 권위를 지닌 제왕이 아닌 여호와 왕권을 인정하는 한 사람으로 그려낸다. 이런 신학적 통찰은 하나님 왕권을 인정하는 보편적인 신앙인들을 통하여 다윗언약이 회복될 수 있다는 시편 5권의 신학적 함의를 완성하는데 기여하고 있다.

Abstract

This essay attempts to demonstrate that Psalm 144 pictures the Davidic kingship as subordinate to YHWH's kingship. For this purpose, it employs a compositional approach to the Psalter initiated by G. H. Wilson. The main focus of the essay lies in the examination of the intertextual relationships between Psalm 144 of Book V of the Psalter and Psalms 8 and 18 of Book I. First, Psalm 144 borrows an image of Davidic kingship of Psalm 18 which represents YHWH's kingship, yet transforms it into an image of a normal person who becomes subordinated to YHWH's kingship. In Psalm 18, David is described as a warrior that mirrors YHWH the Divine warrior, which well explains David's ability to make the nations submit to him. In Psalm 144, though David is pictured as a warrior, the connection between him and the Divine Warrior is not present, which accordingly allows for depicting David as being afflicted by the nations. Psalm 144 also borrows a question in Psalm 8 that asks about the humanity's role in creation, yet it purposefully twists Psalm 8's answer to the question into another direction. Contrary to Psalm 8's declaration of humanity's dominion over the created world, Psalm 144 expresses the meaninglessness of life. Accordingly, it seems that Psalm 144 interconnects the previous points in order to re-evaluate the theological importance of Davidic kingship. In Book I, Davidic kingship is elevated into the representation of YHWH's kingship. In Book III, Davidic covenant is seriously questioned as if it had become a failed one. Davidic kingship is seen as having failed, since it has been regarded as an essential element of the Davidic covenant. This connectedness of Dadivic kingship and Davidic covenant is understood from a totally different perspective in Book V, which attempts to provide expectations for the restoration of Davidic covenant not with the restoration of Davidic kingship per se but with the subordination of it to YHWH's kingship. As a conclusion to the Psalter, Book V postulates that the restoration of Davidic covenant should be done in a way of democratizing the covenant participants, all those who fear YHWH by obeying to the Torah, not of re-establishing the royal position of Davidic descendants.

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