Probiotics 섭취 후 구강 마이크로바이옴 변화
Alterations in Oral Microbiome after Consumption of Probiotics
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구강 건강에서 probiotics는 병원성 세균의 증식을 억제하여 세균총의 균형을 재정립하여 구강 내에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구는 타액을 활용하여 구강 마이크로바이옴을 비교 분석하여 스케일링 중재 후 probiotics 섭취에 따른 치주 병원균의 특성의 변화를 확인하고자 하였다. 마이크로바이옴 분석을 위하여 치주질환자 총 16명으로부터 10 mL의 타액을 채취한 후 Real-time PCR를 진행하였다. 치주질환의 진행 단계를 평가하기 위해 PD (probing depth), BOP (bleeding on probing), CI (calculus index)를 측정하였으며 스케일링 중재 후 3개월간 치주 상태 호전 기간을 가졌다. 연구대상자 16명 중 무작위 추출로 분류한 실험군 8명은 치주 상태 호전 기간 동안 probiotics를 섭취하였다. 스케일링 중재 전후에 따른 구강 내 마이크로바이옴 변화를 비교한 결과 실험군에서 Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum이 감소된 것으로 나타났다(P <0.05). 연구 결과를 종합하면 치주질환 예방 및 관리는 스케일링 술식이 필수적이며 치면세균막 관리를 통한 자가 관리와 금연이 병행될 경우 probiotics 섭취에 따른 치주질환자의 구강 내 마이크로바이옴 변화는 더욱 효과적일 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Probiotics are essential for oral health as they inhibit pathogenic bacterial proliferation and restore microbial balance in the oral cavity. This study aimed to examine the effect of probiotics on periodontal pathogen characteristics after a scaling intervention through a comparative analysis of the oral microbiome using salivary samples. We collected 10 mL of saliva from 16 patients diagnosed with periodontal disease for microbiome profiling, and real-time PCR was utilized for bacterial quantification. Periodontal disease progression was assessed using probing depth, bleeding on probing, and calculus index, with participants undergoing a three-month post-scaling recovery period. Among the 16 patients, 8 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and received probiotics during the recovery period. A comparative analysis of microbiome alterations before and after scaling revealed a significant decrease in Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum in the experimental group (P <0.05). These findings indicate that although scaling is essential for periodontal disease prevention and management, combining plaque control education, self-care, smoking cessation, and probiotics supplementation may yield a more significant modulation of the oral microbiome in patients with periodontitis.
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