EAR-2 Expression in Developing Molars in Rats
3
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Complicated gene expression processes regulate the cytodifferentiation of odontogenic cells for dental hard tissue formation. Therefore, research has progressed in identifying key molecules involved in tooth development. This study aimed to identify genes associated with odontogenic cell differentiation in rats using a differential display PCR. We identified a differentially expressed band between maxillary 3rd molars (cap or early bell stage) and maxillary 2nd molars (dental hard tissue formation stage) on postnatal day 9. A GenBank search revealed this band as V-erbA-related protein 2 (EAR-2). The mRNA expression level of EAR-2 was higher during the root formation stage than during the cap or early bell stage. In 2nd molar germs, EAR-2 expression increased time-dependently across postnatal days 3, 6, and 9, corresponding to the early bell, crown, and root stages. Western blot analysis identified EAR-2 as a 43 kDa molecule, which exhibits an expression pattern consistent with that observed at the mRNA level. This molecule was spatio-temporally expressed in odontoblasts. Alendronate treatment significantly reduced EAR-2 expression, which is known for interfering with dental tissue mineralization. This is the first study to report EAR-2 expression in tooth development, suggesting its involvement in the terminal stage of cytodifferentiation for dental hard tissue formation or the maintenance of this stage.
Abstract
Complicated gene expression processes regulate the cytodifferentiation of odontogenic cells for dental hard tissue formation. Therefore, research has progressed in identifying key molecules involved in tooth development. This study aimed to identify genes associated with odontogenic cell differentiation in rats using a differential display PCR. We identified a differentially expressed band between maxillary 3rd molars (cap or early bell stage) and maxillary 2nd molars (dental hard tissue formation stage) on postnatal day 9. A GenBank search revealed this band as V-erbA-related protein 2 (EAR-2). The mRNA expression level of EAR-2 was higher during the root formation stage than during the cap or early bell stage. In 2nd molar germs, EAR-2 expression increased time-dependently across postnatal days 3, 6, and 9, corresponding to the early bell, crown, and root stages. Western blot analysis identified EAR-2 as a 43 kDa molecule, which exhibits an expression pattern consistent with that observed at the mRNA level. This molecule was spatio-temporally expressed in odontoblasts. Alendronate treatment significantly reduced EAR-2 expression, which is known for interfering with dental tissue mineralization. This is the first study to report EAR-2 expression in tooth development, suggesting its involvement in the terminal stage of cytodifferentiation for dental hard tissue formation or the maintenance of this stage.
참고문헌 (37)
- Thesleff I., "The genetic basis of tooth development and dental defects", Am J Med Gene part A, 140A, pp.2530~2535 (2006)[DOI]
- Miletich I, "Neural crest contribution to mammalian tooth formation", Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today, 72, pp.200~212 (2004)[DOI]
- Yu T, "Molecular and cellular mechanisms of tooth development, homeostasis and repair", Development, 147(2), pp.dev184754~ (2020)[DOI]
- Tompkins K, "Molecular mechanism of cytodifferentiation in mammalian tooth development", Connect Tis Res, 47, pp.111~118 (2006)[DOI]
- Harada H, "Localization of putative stem cells in dental epithelium and their association with Notch and FGF signalling", J Cell Biol, 147, pp.105~120 (1999)[DOI]
- Tanikawa Y, "The immunohistochemical localization of phospholipase Cϒ and the epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors in the cells of the rat molar enamel organ during early amelogenesis", Arch Oral Biol, 44, pp.771~780 (1999)[DOI]
- Kyeong M, "Expression patterns of high-mobility group genes during tooth movement", Korean J Oral Anatomy, 43(1), pp.105~116 (2022)
- Cheng Y, "아프리카산 발톱개구리의 치아에서 ameloblastin 발현발현", 대한구강해부학회지, 44(1), pp.125~132 (2023)
- Neuhaus SJ, "Endothelin receptors and endothelin-1 in developing rat teeth", Arch Oral Biol, 52, pp.655~662 (2007)[DOI]
- Balic A, "Concise Review : cellular and molecular mechanisms regulation of tooth initiation", Stem Cells, 37(1), pp.26~32 (2019)[DOI]
- Miyajima N, "Identification of two novel members of erbA superfamily by molecular cloning : the gene products of the two are highly related to each other", Nucl Acids Res, 16, pp.11057~11074 (1988)[DOI]
- Wang LH, "COUP transcription factor is a member of the steroid receptor superfamily", Nature, 340, pp.163~166 (1989)[DOI]
- Ladias JA, "Transcriptional regulation of human apolipoprotein genes ApoB, ApoCIII, and ApoAII by members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily HNF-4, ARP-1, EAR-2, and EAR-3", J Biol Chem, 267, pp.15849~15860 (1992)
- Avram D, "Heterodimeric interactions between chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor family members ARP1 and Ear2", J Biol Chem, 274, pp.14331~14336 (1999)[DOI]
- Zhu XG, "The orphan nuclear receptor Ear-2 is a negative coregulator for thyroid hormone nuclear receptor function", Mol Cell Biol, 20, pp.2604~2618 (2000)[DOI]
- Chu K, "The nuclear orphan receptors COUP-TFII and Ear-2 act as silencers of the human oxytocin gene promoter", J Mol Endocrinol, 19, pp.163~172 (1997)[DOI]
- Zhang Y, "EAR and EAR3", COUP-TF1 regulate transcription of the rat LH receptor, 2001, pp.15, 1891~1905
- Jonk LJ, "Cloning and expression during development of three murine members of the COUP family of nuclear orphan receptors", Mech Dev, 47, pp.81~97 (1994)[DOI]
- Cooney AJ, "Multiple mechanisms of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor-dependent repression of transactivation by the vitamin D, thyroid hormone, and retinoic acid receptors", J Biol Chem, 268, pp.4152~4160 (1993)
- Kliewer SA, "Retinoid X receptor-COUP-TF interactions modulate retinoic acid signaling", Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, pp.1448~1452 (1992)[DOI]
- Brubaker M, "All-trans retinoic acid affects the expression of orphan receptors COUP-TF1 and COUP-TF II in the developing neural tube", Dev Brain Res, 93, pp.198~202 (1996)[DOI]
- Park JI, "Molecular mechanism of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor(COUP-TF)actions", Keio J Med, 52, pp.174~181 (2003)[DOI]
- Tripodi M, "The COUP-TF nuclear receptors regulate cell migration in the mammalian basal forebrain", Development, 131, pp.6119~6129 (2004)[DOI]
- Zhang P, "Expression of COUP-TFII in metabolic tissues during development", Mech Dev, 119, pp.109~114 (2002)[DOI]
- Raccurt M, "Cloning, expression and regulation of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors(COUP-TFII and EAR-2)in the rat anterior pituitary gland", Neuroendocrinology, 82, pp.233~244 (2005)[DOI]
- Xu Z, "The orphan nuclear receptor chicken ovalbumin upstream promote-transcription factor II is a critical regulator of adipogenesis", Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 208(105), pp.2421~2426[DOI]
- Mendelsohn C, "Retinoids in vertebrate limb development", Dev Biol, 152, pp.50~61 (1992)[DOI]
- Levin AA, "9-Cis retinoic acid stereoisomer binds and activates the nuclear receptor RXRa", Nature, 355, pp.359~361 (1992)[DOI]
- Mangelsdorf DJ, "Characterization of three RXR genes that mediate the action of 9-cis retinoic acid", Genes Dev, 6, pp.329~344 (1992)[DOI]
- Yamamoto M, "Sagittal band expression of COUP-TF2 gene in the developing cerebellum", Mech Dev, pp.143~146 (1999)[DOI]
- Paez-Pereda M, "Retinoic acid prevents experimental Cushing syndrome", J Clin Invest, 108, pp.1123~1131 (2001)[DOI]
- Gao Y, "The effect of retinoic acid on crown morphogenesis of mouse tooth germs in vitro", Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 33(6), pp.358~359 (1998)
- Kronmiller JE, "Alteration of murine odontogenic patterning and prolongation of expression of epidermal growth factor mRNA by retinol in vitro", Arch Oral Biol, 37, pp.129~138 (1992)[DOI]
- Leng X, "Molecular mechanisms of COUP-TF-mediated transcriptional repression : evidence for transrepression and active repression", Mol Cell Biol, 16, pp.2332~2340 (1996)[DOI]
- Achatz G, "Functional domains of the human orphan receptor ARP-1", COUP-TFII involved in active repression and transrepression, 1997, pp.17, 4914~4932
- Lu XP, "An evolutionary conserved COUP-TF binding element in a neural-specific gene and COUP-TF expression patterns support a major role for COUP-TF in neural development", Mol Endocrinol, 8, pp.1774~1788 (1994)[DOI]
- Lin B, "Orphan receptor COUP-TF is required for induction of retinoic acid receptor beta, growth inhibition and apoptosis by retinoic acid in cancer cells", Mol Cell Biol, 20, pp.957~970 (2007)[DOI]
