중장년 고용가능성검사 개발 및 타당화
Development and validation of an employability test for middle-aged adults
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본 연구의 목적은 중장년 대상 고용가능성검사를 개발하고 타당도를 검증하는데 있다. 중장년 고용가능성검사를 개발하기 위해 구성요인 설정, 검사개발, 검사 타당성 검증의 3단계를 따라 연구를 실시하였다. 먼저, 구성요인 설정 단계에서는 고용가능성 구성 및 검사개발 관련 연구에 대한 문헌고찰을 통하여 중장년 고용가능성의 개념과 구성요인을 1차적으로 구명하였다. 그리고 델파이 기법을 활용하여 구성요인에 대한 타당성을 검증하고 수정・보완하였다. 두 번째, 검사개발 단계에서는 예비문항 개발과 검사 양호도 검증을 수행하였다. 예비문항 개발을 위해 고용가능성 구성요인별 관련된 개념 및 문항에 대한 선행연구를 토대로 105개 문항을 개발하고, 내용타당도 검증을 통하여 문항을 수정 및 제거하여 100개의 예비조사 문항을 개발하였다. 예비조사는 중장년 415명을 대상으로 실시되어 7개 요인, 55개 문항을 도출하였다. 본조사는 전국 중장년 934명을 대상으로 실시되었으며, 두 그룹으로 나누어 집단 1은 탐색적 요인분석을 집단 2는 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 고용가능성검사의 구성개념을 검증하였다. 마지막으로 개발된 중장년 고용가능성검사의 타당화를 위해 준거타당도(공인타당도, 예측타당도)를 분석하였다. 그리고 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 본 연구의 의의, 시사점 및 향후 연구 등에 관해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an employability test for middle-aged adults. To develop the employability test for middle-aged adults, the study was conducted in three stages: component setting, test development, and test validation. First, in the component setting stage, the concept and components of mid-career employability were first identified through a literature review of studies related to employability constructs and test development. Then, the Delphi technique was used to validate, modify, and supplement the constructs. Second, in the test development stage, preliminary questions were developed and test validity was verified. To develop preliminary questions, 105 questions were developed based on previous research on related concepts and questions for each employability component, and 100 preliminary survey questions were developed by modifying and removing questions through content validity verification. The preliminary survey was conducted on 415 middle-aged adults, resulting in 7 factors and 55 items. The main survey was conducted on 934 middle-aged adults nationwide, and divided into two groups, Group 1 conducted exploratory factor analysis and Group 2 conducted confirmatory factor analysis to verify the constructs of the employability test. Finally, criterion validity(concurrent and predictive validity) were analysed to validate the developed employability test for middle-aged adults. Based on these findings, the significance, implications, and future research are discussed.
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