수혈식석곽과 조사방법

Abstract

Throughout the world, Jeokseokchong of Goguryeo in Hwabuk area,especially Liaoning area, grave in Baekjae area of Hwanghae, Kyunggi,Choongchung, and Jeonra province, and grave in Shilla and Gaya area ofYoengnam and Yoengdong in Korean peninsula ‐ Pit graves of stone, burialfacilities of stone floor and walls were built. In Japan, a stone pit grave was builtas a burial facility from the late period of Yayoi to the early and mid periodof Kobun. Therefore, a pit grave of stone was built as the main burial facilitythroughout east‐northern Asia from A.D.0 to sixth century. There are different processes between east northern China Aprok River Koreanpeninsula and Japanese islands. A pit grave of stone in the region of east‐northernChina, mid‐down stream of Aprok river, and Korean peninsula has a process of‘building floor and wall with stone first, then bury’, while the grave in early andmid period of Japan has the process of ‘bury after building floor only, then buildwall with stone’. A stone pit grave of Korean peninsula has been built focusingon Shilla and Gaya in Youngnam area since late forth century. It was built withstone because they adopted the information building grave with stone, which waschanged from the wooden pit grave of the previous period. However, it wasn’trelated with the burial part of Dolmen in the Bronze age and a stone coffin gravein the early stage of the Iron age. There are differences among stone pit graves throughout east northern Asia,in terms of site, scale, building process, location, processing level of stone, andthe cover material. Gobun, which has a stone pit grave as a main burial facility,has various building styles. ‐ A stone pit grave and partial mound is locatedin the basement, or a stone pit grave is in the basement but part of mound is on the ground. Some of it has the top of a stone pit grave surrounded with amound located on the ground, others a stone pit grave was built after arrangingthe mound and digging it. There are cases where that cover is made with woodor stone, it could be different according to the method of building. Corrosioncauses different styles of internal structure. In the case that the mound exists onthe grave, there is a type of one stone pit grave, or more than two stone pit graves. In the case of more than two, there are three kinds of style – Building a stone pitgrave and grave slope simultaneously, building a stone pit grave and grave slopeat different point of time, or different location and the height regardless of timegap. It seems uncertain whether burial mounds were in the grave or not, there isthe case of traceless burial mound when they are excavated. This paper described underground types which have a stone pit grave in thebasement and no burial mound on the ground, even though it didn’t reviewevery respect of variety in a stone pit grave. Also it explains whether the ceilingmaterial is wood or stone for the underground type. The paper described that astone pit grave and mound is built at the same time or is built in several burialfacilities after completing the mound. Then, this paper described the researchof the internal structure, building method, and record method, referring to theexisting excavation research and study.