중국 남북조시대 자기 鷄首壺의 연원과 양식

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the origin, the type and the style of the chicken-head jar during the Northern and Southern Dynasty. So I attempted to investigate the documents and analyse the types and the styles of dated chicken-head jars excavated in China and collected in world wid museums. The icon of chicken-head originated from Chinese traditional auspicious idea of chicken and the influence of animal decoration of West. And the first chicken-head celadon jar appeared in West Jin dynasty and later the black glaze ware of chicken-head were made. They were used as the burial ware and gifts and practical drinking ware as their range of use became broadened. Entering the Northern and Southern Dynasty, not only the turmoil of society and the inflow of Buddhism and Western style but also the improvement of celadon making techniques of Yue kiln mad the diverse types and styles of chicken-head jar popular. The types of chicken-head jar was groupe into three types; the chicken tail and chicken-head type, the chicken-head with handle type, the chicken-head with dragon handle type. And the form of chicken-head and the decoration were thought of one of dividing factors. And I examined the style changes of chicken-head jar according to periods. During the West Jin Dynasty the chicken-head jar with a chicken tail and round body first appeared in Yue kiln. Next in Deching kiln the black chicken-head jar with a handle was produced in East Jin Dynasty. During the Northern and Southern Dynasty at Anyang kiln and Yue kiln, tall and decorative chicken-head jars with dragon handle were begun to be produced. During the Sui Dynasty a white chicken- head jar was produced in the Xing kiln. Finally after Tang Dynasty, the chicken-head jar disappeared because consumers favored the Tang Sancai and Phoenix-head jar more than the chicken-head jar. Thus the chicken-head jar had begun to lose it's popularities and the functions as both the burial ware and the drinking ware.