초기 비텐베르크 개신교의 인간론과 윤리

Abstract

It is necessary to look at their theories of anthropology and soteriology through the writings of Luther and Melanchthon to learn about the early development of Protestant ethics. Luther grew up in the tradition of scholastic philosophy, but studying the Bible, he found the doctrine of the redemption by grace. As a result, there arose a distinction between the relationship between ethical conduct and salvation that did not exist in the beginning, and gradually the emphasis on ethical conduct was removed and rather placed on severing the relationship between ethical conduct and salvation. The pattern of this development is evident through his commentary of sentences, lectures on Romans, and Assertio. He focused on theological emphasis. However, since this theology was still in its early stages of reformation, the question of what the results of this practice in the Protestant Church are still not in his interest. Melanchthon developed under the influence of Luther in its emphasis on freedom and ethics. He was humanist and became a theological reformer. But instead of just staying at what has been affected, it has systematically organized and developed the theology of reformation Luther’s emphasis on theological aspect is on the emphasis, and Melanchthon tried to add a more general and reasonable explanation, citing the problems of the contemporary theologians on the basis and pointing out the causes of their problems. The process of this development is revealed through his inaugural speech, his theological bachelor’s thesis and Loci Communes. Luther and Melanchthon’s view shows that theology of early reformation focuses on the core doctrine of salvation by grace. It cannot be said that there is intention to deny ethical responsibility or promote unethical life. However, theological emphasis on God’s initiative, and reducing the role of man, was more important than anything else.