Understanding the Divine Time : A Brief Observation on the Rhetorical Role of Psalm 90:4 in 2 Peter 3:8 as Manifesting the Divine Prerogative to Begin and End Time
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In spite of the interests in the relationship of 2 Peter 3:8 with Psalm 90:4, most scholarly focuses were limited to the examinations of literary and exegetical relationship of 2 Peter 3:8 with Psalm 90:4 in terms of the eternity of God and the lack of human patience. This paper aims to analyze the rhetorical function of temporal frames embedded in 2 Peter 3:8.which seems to echo a similar phrase in Psalm 90:4. While examining how Peter interprets the Psalm in an eschatological way, I argue that 2 Peter collapses the sense of temporality perceived by scoffers in order to reveal the nature of the Lord’s Parousia and the day of Judgment. From the time frame of 2 Peter’s arguments, the scoffers do not only ignore the power of God, who created the world by his words, but also challenge God who manipulates the temporal frames by his wills. In order to expound the meaning of Psalm 90:4 in 2 Peter, I first discuss ancient Jewish documents, whose similar idea of temporality 2 Peter present to his audience through freely echoing Psalm 90:4. Then, I analyze the textual similarities and differences between 2 Peter and Psalm 90:4 to unfold how 2 Peter 3:8 reworks Psalm 90:4 . Finally, I discuss the function and meaning of Ps 90:4 in the Petrine Eschatology. While strategically employing the idea “one day is like a thousand years” as revealing the marker of the divine temporality, 2Peter is able to logically refute the arguments of those who distrust Lord’s promise of His coming through accentuating the supremacy of the Lord transcending the human perception of time. By establishing new sets of the temporal frames from human to God’s timetable, 2 Peter argues that it is God alone who has the exclusive right to begin, judge, and finish time. Though the author of 2 Peter still references literature shared among his contemporaries, he reads Ps 90:4 in his own way, convincing his readers that the coming of Christ is certain, though God alone can decide when that will be.
Abstract
In spite of the interests in the relationship of 2 Peter 3:8 with Psalm 90:4, most scholarly focuses were limited to the examinations of literary and exegetical relationship of 2 Peter 3:8 with Psalm 90:4 in terms of the eternity of God and the lack of human patience. This paper aims to analyze the rhetorical function of temporal frames embedded in 2 Peter 3:8.which seems to echo a similar phrase in Psalm 90:4. While examining how Peter interprets the Psalm in an eschatological way, I argue that 2 Peter collapses the sense of temporality perceived by scoffers in order to reveal the nature of the Lord’s Parousia and the day of Judgment. From the time frame of 2 Peter’s arguments, the scoffers do not only ignore the power of God, who created the world by his words, but also challenge God who manipulates the temporal frames by his wills. In order to expound the meaning of Psalm 90:4 in 2 Peter, I first discuss ancient Jewish documents, whose similar idea of temporality 2 Peter present to his audience through freely echoing Psalm 90:4. Then, I analyze the textual similarities and differences between 2 Peter and Psalm 90:4 to unfold how 2 Peter 3:8 reworks Psalm 90:4 . Finally, I discuss the function and meaning of Ps 90:4 in the Petrine Eschatology. While strategically employing the idea “one day is like a thousand years” as revealing the marker of the divine temporality, 2Peter is able to logically refute the arguments of those who distrust Lord’s promise of His coming through accentuating the supremacy of the Lord transcending the human perception of time. By establishing new sets of the temporal frames from human to God’s timetable, 2 Peter argues that it is God alone who has the exclusive right to begin, judge, and finish time. Though the author of 2 Peter still references literature shared among his contemporaries, he reads Ps 90:4 in his own way, convincing his readers that the coming of Christ is certain, though God alone can decide when that will be.
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