한국 정당의 당원과 당비
Party Membership and Fees among Korean Parties.
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초록
본 연구는 한국 사회의 당원들이 당비를 납부하는데 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 특히 당원 개인의 선별적 유인, 집합적 유인, 그리고 정치참여 기회구조의 확대가 당비납부에 미치는 영향력을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 한국 정당원들은 정당이 제공하는 선별적 유인보다는 정당을 통해 달성하고자 하는 정책이나 영향력 또는 이념적 지향과 같은 집합적 유인에 따라 당비 납부 여부를 결정하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 유럽 정당의 경험과 달리 한국 정당의 당원들은 당비를 내면서 정당활동을 하는 적극적인 당원 유형일수록 소셜네트워크및 시민단체를 통한 정치활동에도 적극적이라는 점을 검증하였다. 이러한 결과는 한국정당은 당원유형의 다각화가 당비 납부 여부를 통해 결정되지 않는다는 점을 함의한다.
Abstract
This article explores the incentive structures which lead party members to pay their membership fees. In particular, it tests which incentives, among the three including the individual incentives, collective incentives and the incentives developed from the enlarged opportunity for political participation, explain the Korean party members’ behavior of paying their fees. Results show that Korean party members are more likely to pay their fees as they follow the collective incentives, that is the goals to achieve their policy or ideological preferences by the participation on political parties. In addition, unlike the experience of European parties, those party members who are more likely to pay their fees are in fact shown to be more active in the political participation through social networks as well as civil organizations. These imply that the party-voter relationship in Korean parties has not been developed yet to the extent that different types of party membership can be specified depending on the fee-paying behaviors.
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