트럼프 대통령 의제에 대한 공화당 계파 의원들의 투표 행태 분석
Republican Representatives’ Voting Behaviors on President Trump's Legislative Agendas
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2017년 1월 미국 45대 대통령으로 도널드 트럼프 대통령이 공화당 단점정부에서 취임하였다. 근래의 미국 정치에서 정당 양극화가 나타나고 당파적 대통령이 정당 리더 역할을 수행함을 생각할 때, 트럼프 대통령이 제시한 정책 의제들은 공화당이 다수를 점한 의회에서 쉽게 통과될 것으로 예측되었다. 하지만 트럼프 대통령의 주요 의제 상당수는 공화당 의원들의 반발 속에 좌초되곤 하였다. 이러한 사실은 대통령과 의회를 잇는 공화당 내부 합의가 완벽하지 않으며, 트럼프 대통령이 자신의 의제를 의회에서 입법화하는데, 민주당 이외에도 공화당 내부에 교섭해야 할 대상이 있었음을 알려준다. 이 같은 관점에서 본 논문은 프리덤 코커스, 메인 스트리트 파트너십, 공화당 연구위원회를 중심으로 공화당 계파 조직들의 특성과 대통령의 선별적 유인에 따라 공화당 의원들의 투표 행태가 115대, 116대 의회 기간 동안 어떻게 달라졌는지 분석하였다.
Abstract
In January 2017, President Donald Trump was inaugurated as the 45th President of the United States under a unified Republican government. Considering that current U.S. politics has been characterized by party polarization and the dominance of partisan presidents, it was expected that Republicans were expected to easily reach an agreement on President Trump's agenda in Congress. However, during the 115th and 116th Congresses, President Trump's major policy agendas failed to be enacted several times with the opposition from Republican legislators. This means that the Republican internal agreement between the president and Congress was not perfect, and that there were some groups to consider within the Republican Party in reaching an agreement in Congress. From this point of view, the article aims to examine how the factions within the Republican Party, especially the House Freedom Caucus, the Republican Main Street Partnership, and the Republican Study Committee, voted on President Trump's main agendas depending on their organizational characteristics and presidential selective inducement.
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