암환자를 위한 개별교육과 집단교육프로그램이 암환자의 대처양상과 자가 간호행위에 미치는 효과
Effects of Individual and Group Education Programs on Coping and Self-care Behaviors in Cancer Patients
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초록
본 연구는 항암화학요법을 받는 환자들을 대상으로 구조화된교육프로그램을이용하여개별교육군과집단교육군의대처양상과자가간호행위에미치는효과를파악하기위한유사실험연구이다. 연구대상은 서울시 소재 K대학 부속병원 암 병동에 입원한 암환자로 연구 참여에 동의한 개별 교육 군 30명, 집단 교육 군 30명으로 총 60명이었고, 본 연구의 자료수집기간은 2011년 3월 1일부터 10 월 10일까지 총 7개월이다. 연구도구는 Kim 등(2003)에 의해 개발된한국판 암 적응 척도와 Oh (Oh, 2009)가 개발한 자가 간호 측정도구를 사용하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 일반적인 특성은χ2 -test, 두집단의동질성검정은 t-test, 가설검정은 Two-way Repeated Measures ANOVA로분석하였다. 구체적인연구결과는다음과같다. 1) 구조화된교육프로그램을이용하여개별교육을받은군과집단교육을 받은 군의 대처양상과 대처양상의 하위영역인 투병의지, 불안, 무력감에는통계적으로유의한차이가없었다. 2) 구조화된 교육 프로그램을 받은 개별교육군은 집단교육을 받은 집단교육 군보다 자가 간호행 위 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 하위영역에서도 감염관리, 출혈예방, 스트레스 관리를 제외한영양관리, 운동, 오심∙ 구토관리에서 개별교육을 받은 개별 교육 군에서교육후증가되었다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the coping and self-care behaviors between the individual and group education using the structured programs for the patients in chemotherapy. Methods: The quasi experimental study was designed for this study, and 30 patients received individual education and 30 patients received group education. Collecting data had been done through the seven months from March to Oct. 2011. Results: Hypothesis 1: “ There could be differences in aspects of coping between the two groups educated using a structured education program” was rejected (F=2.71, p=.105). Hypothesis 2: “The individually educated group using the structured education program will have higher scores than the group education in self-care behaviors” was supported because there were statistically significant differences (F=4.16, p=.046). Conclusion: It was confirmed that individual education programs, among the patient education for cancer patients can be adopted as nursing intervention in nursing practice to improve self-care behaviors. However, there were no differences between th two group in the aspects of coping.
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