병원간호사의 type D 성격, 소진, 간호근무환경이 재직의도에 미치는 영향
The Influences of Type D Personality, Burnout and Work Environment on Nurses’ Intention to Stay in the Hospitals
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목적: 본 연구는 병원간호사의 type D 성격, 소진, 간호근무환경이 재직의도에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 시도하였다. 방법: 본 연구는 병원간호사의 재직의도의 영향요인을 확인하기 위한 횡단적 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 S시와 G시에 소재한 종합병원 3곳에서 근무하고 있는 간호사를 편의 표집하였고 자료수집 기간은 2018년 9월 7일부터 9월 17일까지였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe ́test, Pearson correlation, multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 결과: 연구 대상자의 재직의도는 4.78점이었으며 type D 성격으로 분류된 대상자는 53명(39.3%)이었다. 대상자의 소진은 2.92점, 간호근무환경은 2.39점이었다. 다중회귀분석 결과 재직의도에 영향을 주는 요인은 소진으로 나타났으며 재직의도에 대한 설명력은 46%였다. 결론: 본 연구결과 간호사가 경험하는 소진은 재직의도에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변수로 확인되었으므로 간호사의 재직의도를 향상시키기 위해서는 소진을 감소시키기 위한 프로그램을 포함한 중재가 요구된다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of type D personality, burnout and work environment on nurses’ intention to stay at the hospitals among nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Participants were 135 nurses working at general hospitals. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program for descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The score of nurses’ intention to stay was 4.78. 39.3% of participants were classified as type D personality group. The scores of burnout and work environment were 2.92 and 2.39, respectively. Intention to stay was negatively correlated with burnout and positively correlated with nurse participation in hospital affairs, nursing foundations for quality of care, nurse manager ability, leadership, and support of nurses, staffing and resource adequacy. Burnout and manager ability, leadership, and support for nurses explained 46.0% of variance of nurses’ intention to stay in the hospitals. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that nursing intervention programs for increasing intention to stay for nurses should include strategies for decreasing the burnout and increasing manager ability, leadership, and support for nurses.
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