경찰활동에서의 성별통합
Gender Integration in Korean Policing
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초록
이 연구에서는 성별통합과 관련된 선행연구를 고찰하고 실제 경찰공무원을 대상으로(N=473) 설문조사를 통해 그 실태를 확인해 보았다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국 경찰공무원들은 위험성이 높은 업무를 제외하고는 여성경찰이 남성경찰과 동일한 업무를 수행하는 것(수정역할, M=3.61)을 가장 선호했다. 위험성 여부와 무관하게 동일한 업무를 수행하는 것(통합역할, M=3.34)에 대한 선호도 보통(M=3.00) 수준보다 높았지만 여성범죄자나 아동‧청소년 업무 등과 같이 특화된 업무 수행(전통역할, M=2.63)에 대한 동의 수준은 낮았다. 둘째, 경찰공무원의 배경변수와 근무환경변수가 성별통합에 일정한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 최근 임용된 경찰관들(20대‧30대, 순경‧경장, 10년 미만 근무경험)은 통합역할을 가장 선호하는 등 기존 경찰관과 다른 모습을 보이고 있었다. 셋째, 성별통합은 다양한 요인들의 영향을 받고 있으며 자기효능감은 통합역할에 정(+)의 영향을, 전통역할에 부(-)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 넷째, 경찰공무원의 통합역할에 대한 선호는 이들의 직무만족에 유의미한 긍정적 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 성별통합을 위한 한국경찰의 과제와 후속 연구 방향 등에 대해 살펴보았다.
Abstract
In this study, previous studies related to gender integration were reviewd and the actual situation was analyzed through a survey of police officers(N=473) working in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-Do. The results are as follows. First, Korean police officers most preferred female police officers performing the same tasks as male police officers except for high-risk tasks(Modified role, M=3.61). The preference for performing the same task regardless of risk(Integrated role, M=3.34) was higher than average(M=3.00), but the consent to performing specialized tasks, such as female offeders or children/juvenile work,(Traditional role, M=2.63) level was low. Second, the background variables and working environment variables of police officers had a certain influence on the attitude toward gender integration. The recently appointed police officers(20s and 30s, less than 10 years of service experience et al.) showed a different attitude from the other police officers, such as preferring a Unified role the most. Third, gender integration is affected by various factors, and self-efficacy has a positive effct on the Unified role attitude and a negative effect on the Traditional role attitude. Fourth, the preference for the Unified role of police officers had a significant positive effect on their job satisfaction. Based on these analysis results, the task of the Korean police for gender integration and the direction of follow-up research were examined.
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