기형도 시에 나타난 ‘한계상황’과 ‘초월자의 암호’

Abstract

‘Grenzsituation’ and ‘Transcendent’s Cipher’ are the criteria for identifying the starting point and direction of the Ki Hyeong-do’s poetry. This study clarified the existence consciousness of the deformed figure through analyzing the aspect of Grenzsituation and the symbol of the Transcendent’s Ciphers in the Ki Hyeong-do’s poetry through Karl Yaspers’ existential philosophy. The Grenzsituations of death and guilt are real conditions that prove the finiteness of existence, but they are truly meaningful in that they serve as the driving force for him. In addition, the Transcendant's Ciphers, which Ki Hyeong-do has placed in the text, are a poetic means to pursue ‘original existence’ beyond the Grenzsituation. The way of facing the Grenzsituation and the way of creating the Transcendent’s Ciphers are the basis for explaining the existence and specificity of the poems. The negativity of so-called Ki Hyeong-do’s poems is not the result of universal despair or frustration of life, but the result of intensively experiencing the Grenzsituations of death, suffering and guilt. Death, suffering, and guilt are certainly the dark shadows that accompany human beings, but most importantly, the poetry aim to pursue existence by willingly accepting the Grenzsituations as its share and jumping into its sufferings. This poetic tendency allows us not only to explore the true way of existence but also Ki Hyung-Do is the source of the aesthetic characteristics of the world of poetry by asking the question ‘what is human existence?’