일제강점기 일본어 신문을 통해 본 제주해녀들의 활동과 삶에 대한 연구

Abstract

This study aims to examine the activities and lifestyle patterns of the Jeju haenyeo in modern Jeju history by analyzing and investigating domestic and foreign newspaper articles on the Jeju haenyeo written in Japanese by Japanese during the Japanese colonial era. In particular, the study is significant as it is the first to investigate and analyze newspaper articles on haenyeo written in Japanese during the Japanese colonial era. A number of newspapers were published in Japanese by Japanese in Korea during the Japanese colonial era. They have now become real historical evidence that is meaningful in various aspects of society and education, as they can serve as records of the attitudes of Japan towards Korea during the colonial era as well as the events and situations that occurred in Korea at the time. In this study, newspaper articles written in Japanese provided by the Korean History Database (http://db.history.go.kr) of the National Institute of Korean History were used. After investigation, a total of 115 articles related to the Jeju haenyeo that were published in 11 newspapers written in Japanese were found. Among the newspaper articles, the most common topic is the common fishery right with the fishing fees for haenyeo from other regions. The articles describe various aspects of the activities and lifestyle of the Jeju haenyeo, including haenyeo’s work in different countries or different parts of Korea; their relationship with the fishery association; issues related to gathering marine products; anti-Japanese struggle of haenyeo; the number of haenyeo and their lifestyle; Japanese scholars’ studies on Jeju haenyeo; trips to Jeju and introduction of haenyeo; and prohibition of fishing and protection of abalone for proliferation. These newspaper articles enabled the identification of the facts that the Jeju haenyeo appeared on newspaper articles frequently was a subject of great interest to the Japanese during the Japanese colonial period and various issues surrounding them emerged as social issues. However, there is a limitation as it is currently impossible to properly secure newspaper articles written in Japanese during the Japanese colonial period, so that the newspaper articles used in this study are mainly from the 1930s. If it is possible to secure more newspaper articles written in Japanese from the 1910s, it will enable the in-depth consideration of the Japanese’s perspective on the Jeju haenyeo.