사물클라우드 : 클라우드 컴퓨팅과 사물인터넷의교차점에서의 영국의 정보보호와 소비자법
Clouds of Things : Data Protection and Consumer Law at the Intersection of Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things in the United Kingdom
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초록
본 논문은 사물인터넷, 그리고 사물인터넷과 클라우드 컴퓨팅 간의 교차점인 이른바 사물클라우드에 대하여 비판적으로 분석한다. ‘사물’은 물리적 세계와 직접적으로 인터페이스되는(즉, 센서 기능 그리고/또는 기기를 작동하게 하는(actuating) 기능) 연결기능을 갖춘 물리적 개체로 이해된다. 또 다른 관점에 따르면(특히 제조물책임의 관점), ‘사물’ 은 하드웨어, 소프트웨어 그리고 서비스 간의 불가분의 혼합체로 이해될 수 있다. 기본적인 요소들에 대한 논의와 함께, 사물클라우드의 복잡성의 여섯 가지 요소에 대해 논의하고 가능한 규제방법들(규제, 공동규제(co-regulation), 자기규제(self-regulation), 전체론적 접근, 세분화)을 조명한다. 영국의 법제도에 초점을 맞추어, 본 논문은 영국에서 사물클라우드의 발달현황을 설명하고 사물클라우드로부터 제기되는 주요한 기술적, 법적 쟁점들 몇몇에 관해 다루도록한다. 특히 정보보호, 프라이버시 그리고 소비자법을 중점적으로 논한다. 이 주제들은 규제당국에 의해 가장 중요하게 다뤄지는 것이기도 하다. 관련 법적 쟁점들을 철저히 검토하고 영국의 사례를 참고한다면, 한국은 사물클라우드에 관한 그 잠재력을 실현시킬수 있을 것이고 세계에서 가장 스마트한 국가로서 그 지위를 유지할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The article critically analyses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its intersection with cloud computing, the so-called Clouds of Things (CoT). ‘Things’ are understood as any physical entity capable of connectivity that has a direct interface to the physical world (i.e. a sensing and/or actuating capability). From another perspectives (especially product liability), Things can be seen as an inextricable mixture of hardware, software, and services. Alongside a clarification of the essentials, the six factors of the CoT complexity are described and light is shed on the regulatory options (regulation, co-regulation, self-regulation, holistic approach, fragmentation). Focussing on the British legal systems, the article reports on the state of the art of CoT deployment in the United Kingdom and deals with some of the main technical and legal issues emerging from CoT. Particularly, the core will be data protection, privacy, and consumer law. Indeed, these themes are considered the most relevant by the regulators. By mastering the relevant legal issues and following the example of the United Kingdom, the Republic of Korea will be able to unleash its extraordinary potential as to the IoT, thus retaining its position as the smartest country in the world.
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