근로자 제안제도와 기술혁신
Employee Suggestion Scheme and Technological Innovation
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초록
근로자 제안제도는 기술혁신을 촉진하는가? 근로자 제안제도는 근로자 개인의 내부에 잠재된 지식이나 아이디어를 끌어내어 작업방법이나 공정․프로세스 개선 나아가 제품의 개선이나 신제품 개발 등에 활용하는 관리 제도를 말한다. 근로자 제안을 통한 새롭고 유용한 아이디어의 창출과 공유는 기술혁신의 출발점이라는 점에서 기술혁신 연구분야에서는 일찍부터 근로자 제안제도를 혁신경영의 핵심 주제로 다루어왔지만, 대부분의 실증연구는 근로자 제안에 영향을 미치는 요인을 연구해왔다. 한편 인사관리 연구분야에서의 인사관리와 기술혁신 간의 관계에 관한 실증연구들은 제안제도가 기술혁신에 미치는 독자적인 효과가 아니라 대부분 고성과․참여적 인사관리시스템을 구성하는 요소 중의 하나로 취급해왔다. 기술혁신 관련 개념적 차원에서 근로자 제안제도의 중요성에도 불구하고 양자 사이의 직접적인 관계에 관한 실증연구는 매우 부족하고 국내의 관련 연구는 찾아보기 힘든 실정이다. 근로자 제안제도는 일터혁신을 구성하는 프랙티스 중의 하나이므로 제안제도와 기술혁신에 관한 연구는 일터혁신 관련 정책적 시사점도 제공할 수 있다. 본 연구는 한국노동연구원의 2015~2019년 사업체패널조사 자료를 사용하여 근로자 제안제도가 기술혁신에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과 근로자 제안제도는 제품혁신과 공정혁신을 모두 촉진하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 분석결과를 요약하고 연구의 의의 및 한계와 향후 연구과제를 제시하였다.
Abstract
Does employee suggestion scheme really have impact on technological innovation in organizations? Employee suggestion scheme is formalized mechanism or tool that encourage employees to contribute new and useful ideas for improving the organization in which they work. Organizations wishing to be more innovative use employee suggestion scheme to foster organizational creativity and elicit untapped reservoirs of ideas from employees. As technological innovation in organizations starts from idea generation and end up with commercial success of new products or services in the markets, employee suggestion scheme as a more effective and efficient idea capturing tool plays a key role in technological innovation. Despite the important role of employee suggestion scheme regarding technological innovation, only scant attention has been paid to the role of employee suggestion scheme in technological innovation among Korean scholars. Using the 2015~2019 waves of Workplace Panel Survey(WPS) by Korea Labor Institute, this study investigates the effects of employee suggestion scheme on the technological innovation. The estimation results of the fixed-effects model show that the effective employee suggestion scheme is positively related with both process and product innovations. Finally, we suggested the implications of our findings and proposed research questions.
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