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부문별 에너지소비와 경제성장의 인과관계 분석

Sectoral Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Korea

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키워드

주제분류경제학

초록

본 연구는 분기별 데이터를 이용하여 1990년대 이후 한국의 경제성장과 부문별 에너지소비 사이의 인과관계를 시계열분석법을 이용하여 추정하였다. 에너지소비를 산업부문, 수송부문, 가정․상업부문으로 나누고 실질GDP와의 인과관계를 추정하였다. 수송부문의 경우 에너지소비량과 실질GDP간에는 공적분 벡터가 존재하지 않아 장기균형관계가 존재하지 않았다. 하지만 산업 및 가정․상업부문의 에너지소비량과 실질GDP 사이에는 적어도 1개 이상의 공적분 벡터가 존재하여 장기균형 관계가 존재하는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 벡터오차수정모형(VECM)을 사용하여 에너지사용량과 실질GDP간의 인과관계를 검정하였다. 분석 결과, 산업부문의 경우에는 장기적으로 보존가설을, 가정․상업부문에서는 피드백가설을 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 장기균형관계가 존재하지 않은 수송부문의 경우에는 Granger 인과관계 검정 결과 단기적으로 성장가설을 지지하는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between sectoral energy consumption and economic growth for Korea from 1991 to 2011 employing the vector error-correction model estimation. With respect to the direction of causality, industrial sector is uni-directional running from energy consumption to economic growth in long term as well as short term. Transport sector, on the other hand, real GDP growth leads to energy use only in short term. Lastly, there is bidirectional causality between energy consumption and real GDP in residential and commercial sector. These findings have important policy implications, since the adoption of suitable structural policies can induce energy conservation.

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