국내 ICT산업의 융합 파급효과 비교분석: 자율주행차 산업 중심으로
A comparative analysis of ripple effect of the domestic ICT industry convergence: focusing on the autonomous vehicle industry
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자율주행차로 대표되는 ICT 산업과 자동차 산업 사이의 융합은 인간의 삶의 질을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라 광범위한 전후방 연관 산업과 연계되어 있어 4차 산업혁명분야에서 가장 주목 받는 산업 중 하나이다. 자율주행차 산업정책의 실효성 제고를 위해 본 연구는 자율주행차 산업을 구성하는 다양한 하위 섹터들의 산업간 파급효과를 정량적으로 분석하여 경제적 잠재성을 비교평가 하였다. 이를 위해 자율주행차 산업을 후방 섹터, 본 섹터 및 수요 섹터로 구분하고 국내 투입산출 데이터를 이용하여 산업연관분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 자율주행차 산업은 산업생산 측면에서 평균적으로 서비스업에 비해 높은 생산유발효과를, 제조업에 비해 높은 부가가치유발효과를 보이는 것으로 규명되었고, 상거래 관련 산업에 미치는 파급효과가 커 운송 및 물류 혁신이 동반될 경우 상거래 전반에 걸쳐 획기적인 변화를 유발할 수 있는 잠재성을 확인하였다. 하위 섹터별 경제적 파급효과의 경우 자율주행차 본 섹터는 생산 부문에서, 수요 섹터는 노동 부문에서 상대적으로 높은 수준의 타 산업 견인효과를 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 국내 ICT 산업은 자율주행차 산업 내 후방 섹터의 핵심으로서 본 섹터 및 수요 섹터에 비하여 상대적으로 후방견인효과는 낮지만 중간재로서 광범위하게 투입되고, 자율주행차 인프라 산업과 밀접한 관련이 있음이 확인되었다. 이는 자율주행차 산업이 발전하기 위해서는 자율주행을 위한 에너지공급 체계 및 유지보수 체계 역시 ICT 기반으로 지능화와 고도화가 병행될 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 주제어; ICT 산업융합, 자율주행차, 산업간 파급효과, 산업연관분석
Abstract
A convergence between ICT industry and automobile industry, represented by autonomous vehicles, is one of the fields receiving the most attention in the 4th industrial revolution since it is linked with a wide range of industries as well as improving quality of human life. In order to enhance the effectiveness of the autonomous vehicle industry policy, this study quantitatively analyzed the inter-industrial ripple effect of various sub-sectors constituting the autonomous vehicle industry and comparatively evaluated their economic potential. For this, the autonomous vehicle industry was divided into the rear sector, the main sector, and the demand sector, and industry-related analysis was performed using domestic input-output data. As a result, the autonomous vehicle industry was found to have a higher production inducing effect than the service industry on average while a higher value-added inducing effect than the manufacturing industry. When accompanied by innovation in transportation and logistics, autonomous vehicle industry has the potential to bring about a breakthrough change in commerce. As for the sub-sectors, it was confirmed that the main sector had a high level of traction in the production while the demand sector did in the labor sector. In addition, the domestic ICT industry, the core of the rear sector, has a relatively low rear traction effect compared to another sector. However, it was widely used as an intermediate product, and closely related to the autonomous vehicle infrastructure industry. This suggests that to develop the autonomous vehicle industry, the energy supply system and maintenance system for autonomous driving also need to be intelligent and advanced based on ICT.
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