일제하 중등학교 여학생의 일상에 대한 규율과 통제

Abstract

What kind of daily lives did female students in colonial Korea experience when secondary schools were established and they began to attend school together? This study examined the daily lives of female students based on records of disciplinary issues. Students who attended colonial secondary school were under various controls and their daily lives were closely monitored, not only on campus but also at home and town. Girls were subject to more stringent controls than boys, the rigidity of which was further augmented by discriminatory societal norms based on gender. The small number, but the explosive social interest in the daily lives of secondary school girls, reveals social efforts to replace women under strict gender norms. Along with social concerns over potential student demoralization, the issue of sexuality was particularly important in the control of female students. As the ideas of free love and free marriage were in vogue at the time, social concern over the desecration of female students’ virtue caused by demoralizing behavior only increased. Various modes of control had been devised and built. Female students were dissatisfied with the strict control of their dormitories, the imposition of etiquette education that enforced femininity, and their mandatory participation in classes that only taught homemaker responsibilities or parenting practices. They secretly read novels and books in the social sciences, took part in minorly deviant activities, and boycotted classes, demanding the abolition of the oppressive discipline. The mechanisms of discipline and control over female students that were established during the colonial period remained intact even after Korea gained its independence, and instead became the predominant method for teaching female students, prevailing into the 1960s and 1970s. In that sense, an examination of the history of colonial female students' daily lives and disciplinary tactics is meaningful because it captures the specific ways in which female students have been disciplined throughout the 20th century.