1920~30년대 정칠성의 사회주의운동과 여성해방론

Abstract

Jeong Chil-seong, a native of Daegu‘s Kisaeng School, started her career as a social activist in 1919 by participating in the March First Independence Movement. Following that she studied in 1922 and 1925 in 東京, Japan, and accepted the Feminist Theory of Socialism espoused by Bebel and 山川菊榮. She also participated in the formation of the socialist organisation Korean Association of Women. However, unlike Ju se-juk and Heo Jeong-Sook, other leading socialist women at this time, Jeong Chil-seong continued to campaign for Socialist and Feminist Movements without having direct associations with the Comintern or the Chosen Communist Party. Further, she maintained a Theory of Women's Liberation based on the realities of Korea women's lives based upon her experience of local social movements. Jeong Chil-seong gave constant attention to the promotion of women's liberation, through lecture sessions and organising female worker in factories and rural areas. In 1929, as a Central Commission member of the feminist Keun-Woo Association, Jeong Chil-seong tried to implement feminist agendas in a nationwide organization with the Keun-Woo Association. At this time Keun-Woo was strengthening it’s propaganda organization and establishing labor and rural divisions within Keun-Woo Association. This change in the direction of the organisation was only possible when Jeong chil-seong served as chairman of the Central Commission of Keun-Woo Association. Even after retiring from the Central Committee of Keun-Woo , Jeong Chil-seong showed a special stance regarding the dissolution of Keun-Woo Association and organizing student protests. Particularly, she advocated a theory of Women's Liberation that emphasized the awakening of the female proletarian classes through progressive stages of enlightenment in Keun-Woo Association. In this context, Jeong chil-seong is notable as a female socialist who shows the diverse layers of socialism and the women's movements in the 1920s.