‘불구’의 정치를 허하라! - 미국사 속 장애, 인종, 젠더의 교차성 연구 경향과 전망 -
Intersecting Histories of Gender, Race, and Disability in the United States
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이 글의 목적은 2010년대 초반부터 최근까지 장애를 매개로 젠더와 인종의 교차성을 연구한 성과들을 살펴보는 것이다. 장애학은 정상성을 생산하고 유지해 온 기제를 들춰내는 주목할 성과를 거두고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 여성사 연구에서 지금껏 장애에 대한 관심은 미미하다. 본 연구는 여성사의 관점에서 지난 10여 년간 장애 연구의 성과를 살펴봄으로써 장애, 인종, 젠더와 같은 차별적 시선이 만든 소수자 역사를 가시화하고 정상성 규범에 균열을 가할 가능성을 탐색할 것이다. 더불어 미국 역사 속에서 특히 비가시화된 소수자인 장애인에 주목하는 새로운 역사 쓰기가 어떤 방식으로 시도되었고 어떤 성과를 거두었는지 고찰하고자 한다. 근래 장애 연구는 연구 대상 및 분야를 확장하며 사료 다시 읽기, 정상성 규범 해체와 같은 방식으로 다채롭게 진행되고 있다. 미국 장애학의 학술적⋅운동적 의미와 연구 성과가 여성사 연구로 수렴되어 여성사의 지평이 한층 확장되길 기대한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the achievements of research on the intersection of gender, race, and disability from the early 2010s to the present. Disability studies have achieved remarkable results in revealing the mechanisms that produce and maintain normality. Despite this, interest in disability has been minimal within women’s history studies. This study will examine the achievements of disability studies over the past decade from the perspective of women’s history. By doing so, we can visualize minority histories created by discriminatory perspectives such as disability, race, and gender, and explore the possibility of challenging the norms of normality. Furthermore, this study will investigate how new historical writing that centers on disabled people, an invisible minority in American history, has been undertaken and what outcomes have been achieved. In recent years, disability studies have expanded their scope, encompassing a wider range of research subjects and fields. These advancements have been driven by diverse methodologies, such as rereading historical materials and deconstructing the norms of normality. I hope that the academic and activist significance and research achievements of American disability studies will converge with women’s history, thereby further broadening the horizons of women’s historical scholarship.
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