인공지능 기반 대학생 취업 면접에 대한 성별 차이 분석
Gender Differences on AI-based Job Interviews among University Students
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인공지능 기술은 기업의 채용과정에서도 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 본 연구는 인공지능 기반 면접에 대하여 대학생들이 어떤 태도를 가지고 있는지 긍정적 요인과 부정적 요인으로 나누어 측정할 수 있는 문항을 개발하고 요인분석을 통해 그 하위요인을 파악하였다. 또한 AI 취업 면접을 둘러싼 윤리적 쟁점들에 대한 대학생들의 인식을 조사하고 성별 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, AI-기반 취업 면접에 대한 대학생의 태도는 ‘편안함’, ‘공정함’, ‘편리함’의 3가지 하위요인으로, 부정적 태도는 ‘불신’, ‘불쾌함’, ‘불안함’의 3가지 하위요인으로 구성되는 것으로 나타났다. 이 가운데 남학생이여학생보다 ‘불쾌함’ 요인에서 유의하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 윤리적 쟁점 5개 가운데 학생들이 가장 중요하다고 응답한 항목은 ‘책무성’이었고, ‘투명성’, ‘기술적 안정성’, ‘사생활보호’, 그리고 ‘차별금지’ 항목이 순서대로 그 뒤를 이었다. 윤리적 쟁점에 대한 중요도 인식에서는 ‘차별금지’ 항목만 제외하고 나머지 항목에서 모두 여학생이 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다.
Abstract
Artificial intelligence technology has brought about major changes in the hiring process of companies. In this study, questions were developed to measure the attitudes of college students toward AI-based interviews. In addition, we investigated the perceptions of college students on ethical issues surrounding AI job interviews and analyzed whether there were gender differences. The results of the study showed that college students' attitudes toward AI-based job interviews were composed of 'comfort', 'fair' and 'convenience' as well as 'distrust', 'discomfort', and 'anxiety'. Among them, male students showed significantly higher scores in the ‘discomfort’ than female students. Regarding the ethical issues, ‘Accountability’ was answered as the most important one, followed by ‘Transparency’, ‘Technical stability’, ‘Privacy protection’ and ‘Non-discrimination’ in that order. In recognition of the importance of ethical issues, female students showed statistically significantly higher scores in all other items except for ‘non-discrimination’.
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