1960~70년대 후진성 테제와 자립의 반/체제 언설들: 매판과 자립 그리고 ‘민족문학’의 함의를 둘러싼 헤게모니적 쟁투

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to review backwardness and the anti / system discourse of independence of Korea Society in the 1960s and 1970s as critical framework of ‘comprador.’ ‘Comprador’ debate during the Korea-Japan Treaty Negotiation immediately connected with rejection of ‘The three elements’ from the past(Samban Theses) of 4․19 served as a watershed that separated Korea Society maintained short honeymoon relationships under a loose extension of nationalism. This ‘comprador’ debate related to the qualities and character of capital to be the power source of economic growth and development under Korea-US-Japan cooperation, while highlighting the problem of the agency called ‘Who will get the profit’, created a confrontation wires which accused the Park Chung-Hee government as comprador forces conspiring with foreign power. Stigmatizing the most vicious of Park Chung-hee regime as bureaucratic comprador capital among comprador capital, ‘comprador’ debate newly reconstructed the concept map that was analogy between comprador capital / national capital(economy) and comprador literature(knowledge) / national literature. There was to assure that national literature existed as a correlate of comprador literature (knowledge) not just a contrast relationship with world literature. The critical self-consciousness about the reality of new colonial comprador was led to the reversal of backwardness thesis via the third world Maoism. As it were, the logic of modernization called ‘our country has been backward because of backwardness’ was transposed into the logic of anti-modernization said ‘our country can be developed due to backwardness’ against it. National liberation movements and anti-imperialist line of the third world emerged as a major force in the world politic stage caused the exploitation and exploited relations of the centre and the periphery as a thorny issue. In Korea society, it was reenacted as ‘comprador’ debate and also could accuse the reality of unequal alienation and repression in accordance with the modernization effect by maximizing negative sense of comprador capital. This constant self-criticism about the realities of new colonial comprador was able to move towards the Third World Literature Theory and the People Literature Theory focused on peripheral people and rural community. This paper attempts to criticize the current neo-liberal tendencies armed with a huge cartel of capital, power and knowledge through the aftershocks of the 1960s that still does not end such as the comprador inside me.