‘천리마기수’ 전형론과 사회주의 건설의 문화정치

Abstract

This article analyzes the Controversy over the typological character of the rider of the Cholima Movement, a leading literary criticism issue of the period of socialist construction in North Korea (1958-67) in the period of time. In line with the spirit of the Chollima Movement, the writers modeled the character of the rider of the Cholima Movement as a symbolic image and presented model for the production site. They had excellent production capacity and allowed their colleagues to voluntarily participate in labor. In addition, the positive protagonist has the moral ability to enlighten negative characters. Through a review project series by Literary Newspaper(1960-62), related to the rider of the Chollima Movement, Sangbeom of The Breathing Furnace[용광로는 숨쉰다] and Myung Sook of “The Road Companions”[길동무들] were revealed to be the main characters. They represented the spirit of the times at the forefront of labor productivity and the willingness and consciousness reform. It is a propaganda mechanism in which the author embodies the case covered while working at the production site as a typical character, and the image acts as an example of the production site again. Meanwhile, Controversy over the Typological character was accompanied by Controversy over the dramatic characters in the creative process. It is a controversy surrounding the conflict between “the old and the new, the negative and the positive,” which is essential in the creation of narrative literature and dramatic literature. The issue was that the success of the of the movement has eliminated the negative factors that are the cause of conflict in society as a whole, so there was no need to artificially set up conflicts when expressing the rider of the Chollima. Some critics argued that conflict setting is essential due to the nature of the genre of dramatic literature, so it is necessary to draw conflicts between “the good and the better, the positive and the more positive.” However, there have been growing calls for no conflict in shaping the rider of the Chollima era. Even the polar literature even came up with a “no conflict theory” that artificial conflict is unnecessary. The one-sided path to the Juchet literature has also become visible in the history of North Korean Literature criticism.