18세기 ‘셀러브리티’ 다시보기: 메리 워틀리 몬태규(Mary Wortley Montagu)와 부재의 존재감
Revisiting 18th Century Celebrity: Mary Wortley Montagu and Her Absent Presence
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이 논문은 18세기 영국의 대표적 셀러브리티 메리 워틀리 몬태규(Mary Wortley Montagu)의 삶을 통해 셀러브리티 이론을 재검토하고, 대륙에 머무는 동안에도 의식적·무의식적으로 영국 내 부재의 존재감을 유지했던 셀러브리티로서의 전략을 확인한다. 몬태규는 단순히 외모나 스캔들로 주목받은 인물이 아니라 지적 성취와 사회적 영향력을 바탕으로 명성을 쌓았다. 그녀의 사생활과 스캔들은 당시 세간에서 활발히 소비되며 대중적 관심을 끌었고, 이는 그녀를 지식인이나 문인을 넘어 셀러브리티로 자리매김하게 했다. 특히 자크 데리다의 ‘부재의 존재감(absent presence)’ 개념은 몬태규의 지속적인 명성을 설명하는 중요한 틀을 제공한다. 몬태규는 1739년 대륙으로 건너가 1761년 사망 직전까지 유럽 여러 나라를 여행했으나, 그녀의 편지와 글은 필사본 형태로 영국 사교계와 공론장에서 꾸준히 유통되었다. 이를 통해 그녀의 사회적 이미지는 유지되고 확장되었으며, 그녀 스스로 이러한 존재감을 의도적으로 관리하고 강화하려 노력했다. 사후에도 그녀의 글이 재발견되고 재출판되며 명성은 후대에도 지속되었다. 그녀가 남긴 문서는 당대와 후대의 지식인과 대중 모두에게 강력한 영향을 미쳤다.
Abstract
This paper focuses on the characteristics of Mary Wortley Montagu as a celebrity in the early 18th century. The aim of this article is to examine existing celebrity theories through her life and identifying the strategies she consciously/unconsciously employed to maintain her “absent presence” as a celebrity while residing oustside Britain. Montagu was a prominent celebrity of 18th-century Europe, achieving fame not merely through her beauty or scandals but through intellectual accomplishments and social influence. However, her private life and scandals were also actively consumed within the public sphere of her time, enabling her to transcend the roles of a mere intellectual or writer and truly become a celebrity. What made Montagu’s fame particularly distinctive can be explained through Jacques Derrida’s concept of “absent presence.” After leaving Britain in 1739, she resided in various European countries until 1761, a year before her death. During this period, her letters and writings circulated in manuscript form within social and public spheres, sustaining and even expanding her image. This continued presence was, in part, a result of her intentional efforts to shape and reinforce her legacy. These documents garnered significant popularity among contemporaries and intellectuals and served as key mediums for preserving her fame posthumously. The rediscovery and republication of her letters and writings further ensured the longevity of Montagu’s reputation up to modern times.
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