우리나라 해운시황 불황 극복 전략에 관한 연구: 해운시장의 이해중심으로

Abstract

After the collapse of shipping conference in 2008, liner market has been changed to imperfect competition market from oligopoly. Furthermore, economic crisis which has been started at the same period of time still progresses. In these circumstances, shipping companies try to increase profit through economy of scale and decrease operating cost by ordering ultra large vessel in order to improve service satisfaction of shippers and market share. In this situation of where group of suppliers lost ability to control supply and demand, shipper-oriented ‘Maersk daily service’ launched by Maersk has caused quite a stir throughout liner market. An excessive competition of suppliers that was started September in 2011 at the Asian and European sea route caused market disruption and current collapse of shipping cost. At the same time, the existing alliance system has started to change. MSC, holding second rank, forms an alliance with CMA CGM, holding third rank, and New World Alliance and Grand Alliance became G6. However, the protracted economic slump intensified excessive competition and oversupply. Finally, alliance of first, second and third rank in liner market has been formed. Although alliance called P3 foundered as an objection of China, the change of alliances continuously appeared as 2M or O3. In shipping industry, heuristic decision making, mostly caused by anxiety rather than the facts, will be continued for a while. This will turn into a huge crisis to Korean shipping companies that should overcome the shipping recession. Therefore, this study proposes a political support that government (finance) should plan and implement to overcome the crisis through trend analysis of liner market.