국제 해운항만산업의 집중화에 따른 선사 및 터미널운영업체의 발전전략
Market Concentration and Development Strategies of International Liners and Terminal Operators
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국제 정기선 해운시장과 항만시장은 기업경영의 글로벌화, 항만민영화, 화주들의 통합물류서비스 요구 등 급격한 환경변화 직면해 있다. 이 같은 해운 항만시장의 구조변화는 시장주체인 선사 및 터미널운영업체들에게 이전과는 다른 새로운 경영전략을 요구하고 있다. 이에 본 논문은 최근 국제 해운 및 항만산업의 구조적 특징을 시장집중화 측면에서 살펴보고, 이에 따른 정기선 선사와 컨테이너부두 운영업체들의 경쟁전략을 전략적 제휴라는 관점에서 분석하였다. 본 연구의 시사점으로는 국내 선사 및 터미널운영업체의 통합물류서비스제공업체로의 전환, 환적화물 유치방안의 일환으로 글로벌 선사와 전용터미널 합작투자, 그리고 해외항만개발사업 추진에 있어서 단독투자방식 대신 선사나 글로벌터미널운영업체와의 합작투자방식 등을 검토할 필요가 있다
Abstract
During the last decades, liner and port industry have been facing the progressive market concentration on the demand side-liner market- as well as supply side-stevedoring market. According to this kind of radical market concentration, market players are required to adopt new competitive strategies. This paper aims at examining the structural changes in container shipping and port industry, especially focusing on market concentration and analyzing their countermeasures focusing on strategic alliance. The suggestions of this paper are as follows; i) need to transform existing shipping company and terminal operators to integrated logistics service provider through business diversification, ii) utilize strategic alliance between terminal operator and global liners to attract transshipment cargo iii) joint venture with shipping line or global terminal operator, which could be useful method to hedge risk of oversea port investment.
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