환경동태성이 해외자회사의 사회적 자본 및 현지지식획득에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
A Study on the Effects of Environmental Dynamics on Social Capital and Local Knowledge Acquisition of Foreign Subsidiaries
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본 연구는 환경동태성이 한국에 진출한 다국적기업 해외자회사들의 사회적 자본에 어떠한영향을 미치고, 이러한 사회적 자본이 자회사의 현지시장 지식획득에 영향을 미치는지를살펴보고자 한다. 즉, 본 연구에서는 환경동태성을 고객동태성, 경쟁동태성, 기술동태성을 내포한 것으로 보고, 이러한 환경동태성이 해외자회사가 현지 협력업체들과 구축한사회적 자본에 영향을 미쳐, 자회사의 현지시장 지식획득에 영향을 미치는지를 밝히고자한다. 이를 위해 한국에 진출한 다국적기업 해외자회사 167개를 표본으로 조사를 하였다. 실증분석 결과 고객, 경쟁, 기술 동태성 모두 해외자회사의 사회적 자본에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 해외자회사의 사회적 자본은 현지시장 지식획득에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 코로나와 같은 예측 불가능하고, 변화가 심한 환경 내에서 기업들이 신뢰를 기반으로 구축한 사회적 자본이 활성화될 수있음을 제시함으로써 사회적 자본 구축을 위한 전략적 방안을 모색하게 할 수 있다.
Abstract
This study seeks to examine how environmental dynamics affect the social capital of foreign subsidiaries of multinational companies operating in Korea, and how this social capital affects the foreign subsidiaries' acquisition of local market knowledge. In other words, this study examines whether environmental dynamics, including customer dynamics, competitive dynamics, and technological dynamics, affect the social capital that foreign subsidiaries build with local partners, and whether this social capital influences the foreign subsidiaries' acquisition of local market knowledge. For this purpose, a sample of 167 foreign subsidiaries of multinational companies operating in Korea was surveyed. The results of the empirical analysis showed that customers, competition, and technological dynamics all have a positive effect on the social capital of foreign subsidiaries. In addition, the social capital of foreign subsidiaries was confirmed to have a significant impact on local market knowledge acquisition. The results of this study can lead to the search for strategic ways to build social capital by suggesting that social capital built by companies based on trust can be activated in an unpredictable and highly changing environment such as COVID-19.
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