본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

천재성과 정신장애 간 관계에 대한 분석 - 정신장애는 천재성의 발현에 걸림돌이 되는가? -

An Analysis of the Relationship between Genius and Mental Disorders - Are Mental Disorders to Be an Obstacle in the Process of Manifestation of Giftedness? -

김진영
한국사회역사학회 (Korean Association Of Socio-Historical Studies)|2010.02|담론201 (Discourse 201)|제13권 제1호|pp. 99-121|DOI 10.17789/discou.2010.13.1.004

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

정신장애영재명성GiftedMental Disorder천재Genius이중특수성EminenceDual Exceptionality
주제분류사회학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 정신장애가 최고 수준의 천재성이 발현되는 데 걸림돌이 되는 지 여부 즉, 정신장애를 가지고 있는 천재가 정신장애가 없는 천재와 마찬가지로 최고 수준의 성취를 이루는 것이 가능한 지 여부를 조사하는 것이다. 이 때 최고 수준의 성취는 인물사전 혹은 백과사전에서 차지하는 지면 정보에 기초해 제작된 명성지수(eminence indices)에서 1위에 해당되는 업적을 의미한다. 이를위해 본 연구에서는 정신장애와 최고 수준의 천재성(top genius)이 공존 가능한지의 여부를 살펴보았다. 심리학 관련 학술 웹 데이터베이스인 PsycINFO (1967~2009)를 통해 천재들의 정신장애를 조사한 후, 머레이(Murray,2003)가 인류의 역사에서 가장 뛰어난 천재로 선정한 15명을 정신장애를 경험한천재 집단(6명)과 정신장애가 없는 천재 집단(9명)으로 분류하였다. 본 연구 결과는 정신장애와 최고 수준의 천재성이 공존 가능하며, 특히 정신장애가 있는 천재들은 그들의 재능이 최고조에 달했던 시기보다 그들의 발병 나이가 더 앞섰던것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 기초하여 정신장애 영재들이 가족과 사회로부터보살핌을 받아야 하는 존재가 아니라 정신장애의 약점에도 불구하고 여전히 전도유망한 존재로 대우받아야 한다는 점이 논의되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine whether mental disorders are to be an obstacle in the process of manifestation of giftedness. For this purpose, it investigated whether geniuses with mental disorder were able to make the top level of accomplishment, as geniuses without mental disorders could do. Here the top level of accomplishment refers to the achievement of the first place on each eminence index developed by using relevant information in biographical dictionaries and encyclopedias. The present study attempted to identify the compatibility of mental disorders and top genius. First, a systematic review of literature on mental disorders of geniuses was conducted by using PsycINFO(1967-2009), a bibliographic database of scholarly literature in the psychological, social, behavioral, and health sciences. After that, Murray’stop figures (N = 15) on the 12 scientific eminence indices were classified into two groups. One is the group of top geniuses with mental disorders(n = 6), and the other that of top geniuses without mental disorders(n = 9). These results suggested that mental disorders were compatible with top geniuses. As for the top geniuses with mental disorders, the onset of their respective mental disorders preceded their best contributions. Lastly, the implications of the present findings regarding gifted students with mental disorders were addressed in relation to their education and psychological intervention. Gifted students with mental disorders tend to be considered as being in need of familial and societal care and protection. However, we should regard them as promising youths despite their weaknesses.

참고문헌 (53)

  1. 강승희, "학습장애 영재의 연구 동향과 연구 내용 분석", 특수아동교육연구, 6(2), pp.355~375 (2004), 한국특수아동학회
  2. 문태형, "학습장애영재아동의 판별과 교육적 중재", 정서·행동장애연구, 19(4), pp.265~282 (2003), 한국정서·행동장애아교육학회
  3. 조석희, "소외된 영재의 발굴과 재능 계발을 위한 교육 프로그램 운영 방안", 제22차 한국교육개발원 교육정책포럼 자료집 (2004), 한국교육개발원
  4. Aaron, P. G., "Scott Phillips, & Steen Larsen. 1988. “Scientific Reading Disabilities in Historically Famous Persons", Journal of Learning Disabilities, 21, pp.523~538 (1988)
  5. Adams, Joe K., "Secrets of the Trade: Notes on Madness, Creativity & Ideology" (1971), Viking Press
  6. American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" (1994), Author
  7. Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, "Creativity & Madness Revisited from Current Psychological Perspectives", Journal of Consciousness Studies, 11, pp.58~78 (2004)
  8. Baum, Susan M., "Dual Differentiation: An Approach for Meeting the Curricular Needs of Gifted Students with Learning Disabilities", Psychology in the Schools, 38, pp.477~490 (2001)
  9. Becker, George, "The Mad Genius Controversy: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance" (1978), Sage Publications
  10. Bireley, Marlene, "The Paradoxical Needs of the Disabled Gifted. in: Understanding the Gifted Adolescent: Educational, Developmental, and Multicultural Issues" (1991), Teachers College Press
  11. Bodanis, David, "E=mc2: A Biography of the World's Most Famous Equation" (2000), Berkley Publishing Group
  12. Cattell, James Mckeen, "A Statistical Study of Eminent Men", Popular Science Monthly, 62, pp.359~377 (1903)
  13. Claridge, Gordon, "Creativity and Madness: Clues from Modern Psychiatric Diagnosis. in: Genius and the Mind: Studies of Creativity and Temperament" (1998), Oxford University Press
  14. Davies, Peter, "Mozart in Person: His Character and Health" (1989), Greenwood
  15. Desmond, Adrian, "Darwin" (1991), Michael Joseph
  16. Dole, Sharon, "Reconciling Contradictions: Identity Formation in Individuals with Giftedness and Learning Disabilities", Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 25, pp.103~137 (2001)
  17. Einstein, Afred, "Mozart: His Character, His Work" (1945), Oxford University Press
  18. Fölsing, Albrecht, "Albert Einstein: A Biography" (1997), Viking
  19. Frosch, William A., "Moods, Madness, and Music I: Major Affective Disease and Musical Creativity", Comprehensive Psychiatry, 25, pp.315~322 (1987)
  20. Kim, Jin-young, "If Gifted", Learning Disabled Students Have Wisdom, They Have All Things!, 2007, pp.29, 249~258
  21. Ko, Young-gun, "Scientific Geniuses' Psychopathology as a Moderator in the Relation between Creative Contribution Types and Eminence", Creativity Research Journal, 20, pp.251~261 (2008)
  22. Kraayenoord, Christa Van, "Celebrity and Disability", International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 49, pp.333~336 (2002)
  23. Lamb, Charles, "Last Essays of Elia" (1910), George G. Harrap & Co.
  24. Liebert, Robert S., "Michelangelo: A Psychoanalytic Study of His Life and Images" (1983), Yale University Press
  25. Ludwig, Arnold, "Reflections on Creativity and Madness", American Journal of Psychotherapy, XLIII, pp.4~14 (1989)
  26. Ludwig, Arnold, "Creative Achievement and Psychological Disorders: Comparing among Professionals", American Journal of Psychotherapy, XLVII, pp.330~356 (1992)
  27. Ludwig, Arnold, "The Price of Greatness: Resolving the Creativity and Madness Controversy" (1995), The Guilford Press
  28. Marek, George R., "Beethoven: Biography of a Genius" (1969), Funk & Wagnalls
  29. Morizot, Carol Ann, "Just This Side of Madness: Creativity and the Drive to Create" (1978), Harold House
  30. Morrison, William F., "Emotional", Behavioral Disability and Gifted and Talented Behaviors: Paradoxical or Semantic Differences in Characteristics?, 2001, pp.38, 425~431
  31. Murray, Charles, "Human Accomplishment: The Pursuit of Excellence in the Arts and Sciences, 800 B. C. to 1950" (1950), HarperCollins Publishers
  32. Müller-Braunschweig, Hans, "Psychological Disorders and Creativity", Psychoanalytic Study of Society, 67, pp.74~99 (1975)
  33. Nettle, Daniel, "Strong Imagination: Madness, Creativity and Human Nature" (2001), Oxford University Press
  34. Neihart, Maureen, "Creativity, the Arts, and Madness", Roeper Review, 21, pp.47~50 (1998)
  35. Oswald, Peter, "Genius, Madness, and Health: Examples from Psychobiography. in: The Pleasures and Perils of Genius: Mostly Mozart" (1993), International Universities Press
  36. Post, Felix, "Creativity and Psychological Disorders: A Study of 291 World-Famous Men", British Journal of Psychiatry, 165, pp.22~34 (1994)
  37. Prentky, Robert A., "Creativity and Psychopathology: Gambling at the Seat of Madness. in: Handbook of Creativity" (1989), Plenum Press
  38. Prentky, Robert A., "Mental Illness and Roots of Genius", Creativity Research Journal, 13, pp.95~104 (2001)
  39. Reis, Sally M., "Underachievement in Gifted and Talented Students with Special Needs", Exceptionality, 10, pp.113~125 (2002)
  40. Rothenberg, Albert, "Creativity and Madness: New Findings and Old Stereotypes" (1990), The Johns Hopkins University Press
  41. Sass, Louis A., "Schizophrenia, Modernism, and the ‘Creative Imagination’: On Creativity and Psychological Disorders", Creative Research Journal, 13, pp.55~74 (2001)
  42. Seligman, Martin. E. P., "Positive Psychology: An introduction", American Psychologist, 55, pp.5~23 (2000)
  43. Simonton, Dean Keith, "Creative Productivity: A Predictive and Explanatory Model of Career Trajectories and Landmarks", Psychological Review, 104, pp.66~89 (1997)
  44. Simonton, Dean Keith, "Origins of Genius: Darwinian Perspectives on Creativity" (1999), Oxford University Press
  45. Simonton, Dean Keith, "Significant Samples: The Psychological Study of Eminent Individuals", Psychological Methods, 4, pp.425~451 (1999)
  46. Simonton, Dean Keith, "Great Psychologists and Their Times: Scientific Insights into Psychology’s History" (2002), American Psychological Association
  47. Simonton, Dean Keith, "Creativity in Science: Chance, Logic, Genius, and Zeitgeist" (2004), Cambridge University Press
  48. Spaethling, Robert, "Mozart’s Letters, Mozart’s Life: Selected Letters" (2000), W.W. Norton & Company
  49. Sternberg, Robert J., "A Balance Theory of Wisdom", Review of General Psychology, 2, pp.347~365 (1998)
  50. Storr, Anthony, "The Dynamics of Creation" (1972), Atheneum
  51. Suter, Donna P., "Issues in the Identification and Programming of the Gifted", Learning Disabled Child, 1987, pp.10, 227~237
  52. Westfall, Richard S., "Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton" (1980), Cambridge University Press
  53. Yewchuk, Carolyn R., "The ‘Mad Genius’ Controversy: Implications for Gifted Education", Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 19, pp.3~29 (1995)

관련 논문AI추천

창의성은 정신병리와 관련이 있는가?박숙희한국창의력교육학회 · 창의력교육연구2011 · 제11권 제1호정신보건학 관점에서 예술분야의 창의성과 양극성장애에 대한 고찰 - 예술 직업군을 대상으로서주연한국예술연구소 · 한국예술연구2023 · 제42호영재의 심리적 특성과 정서발달을 위한 상담한국심리학회 · 한국심리학회지:일반2000 · 제19권 제1호영재성과 창의성 개념 간의 관계를 통해서 본 영재성과 창의성: 동질적인 개념인가? 이질적인 개념인가?이선영한국영재교육학회 · 영재와 영재교육2014 · 제13권 제1호영재학생의 완벽주의 관련 연구 동향 분석이신동, 이애리한국영재교육학회 · 영재와 영재교육2015 · 제14권 제2호한국의 창의적 인물의 성격특성 및 인간관계 연구성은현, 하주현한국영재교육학회 · 영재와 영재교육2009 · 제8권 제3호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (5건)

근대성, 합리와 비합리성의 변증법이순예pp. 5-33과학기술의 사회적 수용 - 유전자변형생물체(LMO) 사례를 중심으로 -이윤희, 한미영pp. 35-64식민구조의 탈구, 다사건, 그리고 재접합 - 남한의 탈식민 국가형성, 1945-1950 -채오병pp. 65-97긍정적 환상 신드롬에 대한 분석 -『시크릿』의 비밀 -박찬빈, 고영건, 오미영pp. 123-150사회학적 에스노그라피의 모색 - 마이클 부라보이의 사례확장방법을 중심으로 -원재연pp. 151-178
원문 보기