소매 환경에서 지각된 가치의 선행요인과 성과요인에 관한 연구
A Study on the Antecedents and Consequence of Perceived Value in the Retail Environment
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본 연구는 소매 서비스 접점에서 지각된 가치가 고객의 쇼핑 의사결정 및 정보처리의 기준이 될 것으로 여겨, 지각된 가치에 영향을 줄 수 있는 선행요인과 이의 성과요인을 모색하고, 변수들간의 관계를 규명할 모델을 개발하였다. 고려된 선행요인은 서비스품질, 제품품질, 가격이며, 성과변수는 고객만족, 몰입, 점포충성도이다. 모델의 검증을 위해 소매점 이용객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 구조방정식을 이용하여 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 지각된 가치는 서비스품질과 제품품질에 의해서는 정(+)의 영향을 받지만, 가격에 의해서는 부(-)의 영향을 받는다. 둘째, 제품품질은 서비스품질과 가격에 의해 정(+)의 영향을 받는다. 셋째, 고객만족은 가치에 의해, 그리고 고객의 점포에 대한 몰입은 지각된 가치와 고객만족에 의해 정(+)의 영향을 받는다. 넷째, 점포충성도는 가치, 고객만족, 점포에 대한 몰입에 의해 정(+)의 영향을 받는다. 이러한 실증연구결과는 다음과 같은 전략적 시사점을 제공한다. 첫째, 소비자들은 쇼핑행동결과 점포로부터 제공받은 혜택과 그것을 획득하기 위해 희생한 비용간의 상쇄(trade-off)를 통해 가치를 지각하므로, 지각된 가치는 고품질의 서비스와 저가격에 제품을 제공함으로써 향상시킬 수 있다. 둘째, 소비자의 지각된 가치 향상에 소매점의 일선 종업원의 역할이 크다. 고객을 만족시키고자 하는 기업은 먼저 고객과 직접 접촉하는 종업원들에게 보다 양질의 내부서비스품질을 제공할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 점포충성도는 어느 하나의 요인에 기초하기보다는 여러 가지 요인의 통합에 기초하여 이루어지므로, 소매상은 시스템적 접근을 통해 소비자들로 하여금 경쟁점포와 식별시킬 수 있는 매장관리를 해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
This article develops a framework for understanding the behaviors and practice provides that build or deplete mechanisms that convert consumer perceived services/goods quality into value and store loyalty in their shopping action. The authors tests the proposed model using data from two retail stores-department stores and discount stores. The pivotal findings via the structural equation model in the study are as follows; 1) provided high services quality and low price has influence on the perceived value in a positive way; 2) specifies value as key mediator of perceived service quality-store loyalty relationship; 3) identifies consumer’s commitment as key mediator value-store loyalty relationship. The role of services quality provided by retail store is more critical in the maximizing perceived value and remaining store loyalty. Therefor, retailing marketers must improve the internal service quality. The behavior and attitude of employee toward services quality depends on effective selection, training and incentives.
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