크로스채널 소비에 대한 탐색적 연구:자기관찰을 통한 소비일기 분석을 중심으로
An Exploratory Study on Cross-Channel Shopping: Using a Self-Observation and Consumption Diary
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초록
현대소비사회의 소비자는 온라인 쇼핑몰과 오프라인 매장을 자유롭게 이동하면서 정보를 탐색하고 원하는 제품을 정확하게 선택하여 구매한다. 본 연구는 이러한 채널이동 소비현상인 크로스채널 소비의 전체 과정을 자기관찰을 통해 작성된 소비일기를 바탕으로 사실적이고 상세하게 파악하였다. 본 연구결과, 크로스채널 소비의 주요 유형은 온오프-온(온라인 탐색→오프라인 탐색→온라인 구매), 온-오프(온라인 탐색→오프라인 구매), 오프-온(오프라인 탐색→온라인 구매)이고, 1∼2회의 채널이동을 기준으로 상황적 변수(예: 원하는 제품을 발견하지 못한 경우 등)에 의해 채널이동이 추가되는 것으로 나타났다. 크로스채널 소비 유형은 소비자의 사회인구적 특성보다는 제품의 가격 및 중요도와 계획된 구매의 여부, 제품에 대한 사전 지식, 구매 후 관리의 중요성 등 제품속성 및 소비자의 알뜰한 소비성향에 따라 결정되는 것으로 나타났다. 소비자는 크로스채널 소비를 유용하고 합리적인 소비행동으로 인식하고 있고, 탐색한 정보의 신뢰도와 구매 후 만족도는 매우 높았다. 반면, 채널이동으로 인한 스트레스 수준은 높지 않았고, 충동구매 및 과소비도 나타나지 않았다. 크로스채널 소비는 소비자가 원하는 수준만큼의 정보를 충분히 탐색할 수 있고, 본인에게 유리한 채널을 직접 선택할 수 있다는 측면에서 소비자에게 유리하며 구매결정의 주도권을 가질 수 있게 해주는 특성을 가진다. 본 연구는 크로스채널 소비의 정보탐색단계와 구매단계별 소비행동과 태도, 인식 등을 세밀하게 분석하여 제시하였다.
Abstract
In a modern society, consumers alternate freely between using online and offline channels to search for information and purchase the desired products. The study demonstrated realistically the cross-channel shopping process using a self-observation and consumption diary. It was found that the three major types of cross-channel shopping are: on-off-on(online search→offline search→online buying), on-off(online search→offline buying), and off-on(offline search→online buying). Consumers tend to move between channels once or twice, and possibly more, if they are unable to find the desired product. The type of cross-channel shopping chosen by the consumers depends on the product attributes(e.g., price, product involvement, whether the purchase is planned, prior knowledge about the product, and the need for after-service), as well as on the consumers' frugal approach, and not on the demographic variables. Cross-channel shopping is recognized as useful and reasonable, involving a high level of satisfaction and a low level of stress. Moreover, it does not encourage impulse or excessive consumption. By using different channels, consumers can search for as much information as they want and select the optimal channel. The study indicated the role of consumer behavior, attitude, and recognition in the process of searching and buying in cross-channel shopping.
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